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1、第二篇ForeignInflueneeinChineseArchitectureTotheHellenicWorldChinawasknownasearlyasthefourthcenturyB.C.,butsimplyasthelandcelebratedforsericulture・TheChinesepeople,ontheotherhand,didnotevenbothertoinquirewhoconsumedtheirsilk,whichlaterinimperialRomewasworth
2、itsweightingold.早在公元前四世纪希腊就知道中国是养蚕的国家。而中国人却根本不在乎丝绸卖给谁。后来罗马帝国时代这丝绸可是价值连城。Gibbon,inTheDeclineandFalloftheRomanEmpire,deploredthattheartofprintingfailedtoreachEuropewiththeimportationofsilk.However,longbeforeEuropereceivedtheblessingofprinting,Greekinfluenc
3、ehadalreadyfirmlyestablisheditself,thoughindirectly,inChineseart.EdwardGibbon,在他的书屮提到，他I-分惋惜印刷术并没有同丝绸一并传入欧洲。然而,早在欧洲知道印刷术之前，希腊就己经对中国艺术产牛了影响。OfficialcommunicationbetweentheRomanandChineseEmpires,accordingtoChineserecords,tookplaceinA.D.166,butneitheronesee
4、medtohavemadeanyimpressionwhatsoeverontheotherthroughthecontact.ThisdoesnotmeanthatChinawasentirelyfreefromforeigninfluenceatthattime,foracenturyearliertheHanEmperorMingti(A.D.58-75),inspiredbyBuddhism,haddispatcheddelegatestoIndia,andimmediatelyafterwar
5、dsHindumonkscametothecapital,Loyang.HerethefirstBuddhisttemple,PaiMaSze(WhiteHorseTemple),wasbuilt.Theimportaneeofthistempleliesmoreinnomenclaturethanstyle.Thebuilding,thoughaBuddhistshrine,wasnotareproductionofHinduarchitecture.Meanwhile,theword“Sze,”wh
6、ichhadhithertomeantagovernmentaldepartment,wasnowemployedalsotodesignateaBuddhisttemple.Thisusagebecamegraduallyanacceptedone,withtheresultthattodayitistheexclusivetermforallthemonasticBuddhisttemplesinChina.罗马和中国的正式往来，据中国资料考证，是在公元166年，但互相都没注意到对方。［东汉延熹九年
7、(166年)的大秦国王安敦向东汉遣使奉献］这并不意味着那时候中国就完全闭关锁国了。一•个世纪前，印度和尚来到东汉首都洛阳，汉明帝刘庄的马上就派人去印度。H马寺就建在了洛阳。这个庙宇的重要性更多的在于它的称谓而不是形式。虽然是佛教殿堂，可并不是印度建筑的再造。主要是“寺”这个字，迄今都是官府衙门的意思，现在成了佛教建筑的称谓。这种说法慢慢被人接受，以至于现在各大小庙都叫“寺”了。Thedevelopmentofacertaincolouredmaterial,peculiartoChinesearchit
8、ecture,alsobeganintheHanDynasty.Thisglitteringandtranslucentmaterial,liuli--atermderivedfromtheSanskrit“vaidurya”—createdanewcrazeandwasmuchtreasuredbytheChineseinthesecondcenturyB.C.ItwasimportedthroughthesouthwestintoChi
