第3章全球化管理、比较管理与质量管理

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1、©Uno3一pug-Bpl&eugsTSalcoocaEabeuew◎unooMun8一SOHS3o.i__s一spuesaau号_u?ofMun8一sohsducnoo_SOHChapter3:global,comparative,andqualitymanagementInternationalmanagementandmultinationalcorporationsInternationalmanagementfocusesontheoperationofinternationalfirm

2、sinhostcountriesInternationalbusinessesengageintransactionsacrossnationalboundariesThenatureandpurposeofintemationalbusinessInternationalbusinessesengageintransactionsacrossnational.Thesetransactionsineludetransferofgoods,services,technology,managerialknow

3、ledge,andcapitaltoothercountries.FormsofInternationalBusinessUnifyingeffectsUnifyinginfluencesoccurwhentheparentcompanyprovidesandsharestechnicalandmanagerialknow-how,thusassistingthehostcompanyinthedevelopmentofhumanandmaterialresources—demonstrationeffec

4、tsPotentialsofconfict•Nationalisticself-interest•Socio-culturaldifferences•OverpoweringeconomicdominanceMultinationalcorporations•Multinationalcorporations(MNCs)havetheirheadquartersinonecountrybutoperateinmanycountries•Ethnocentricorientation:Styleofthefo

5、reignoperationsisbasedonthatoftheparentcompany•Polycentricorientation:Foreignsubsidiariesaregivenagreatdealofmanagerialfreedom•Regiocentricorientation:Favorsthestaffingofforeignoperationsonaregionalbasis•Geocentricorientation:Entireorganizationisviewedasan

6、interdependentsystemoperatinginmanycountriesEthnocentricAttitude•beliefthatthebestworkapproachesandpracticesarethoseofthehomecountry•lacktrustinforeignemployeeswithkeydecisionsortechnologyPolycentricAttitude•beliefthathost-countrymanagersknowthebestworkapp

7、roachesandpractices•letforeignemployeesdetermineworkpracticesGeocentricAttitude•focusesonusingthebestapproachesandpeoplefromaroundtheglobe•lookforthebestapproachesandpeopleregardlessofthecountryoforiginAdvantages-fromtheperspectiveofMultinationals•Takebusi

8、nessopportunitiesinthehostcountry•Raisecapital•Usethelocalcheaperlabors•NaturalresourcesChallenges-fromtheperspectiveofMultinationals•Nationalism•Therise-upofhostcountriesnegotiationpower•Adapttolocalchanges,