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1、葫芦科植物嫁接罗汉果综合效应探究摘要:采用葫芦科植物枯楼、葫芦、木鳖作为砧木嫁接罗汉果,以罗汉果本砧和组培苗作为对照,探讨了不同砧穗组合对罗汉果生长与结果等方面的综合效应。结果表明,葫芦科植物科内嫁接罗汉果具有良好的亲和性;用葫芦做砧木的罗汉果嫁接植株与罗汉果本砧相比,具有结果多、产量高、品质好、抗根结线虫能力较强的特点,而且嫁接操作比较容易;木鳖根系强大,抗根结线虫能力强,嫁接罗汉果成活率最高,植株生长旺盛,但是嫁接植株没有开花,可以考虑做基砧用;枯楼种子发芽比较困难,通过变温催芽处理(25°C/12h、35°C/12h)可提高发芽率,做砧木嫁接罗汉果亲和性一般,坐果率高,高抗根结线虫,但
2、产量和品质不如葫芦砧和罗汉果组培苗,可以作为备选砧木考虑;罗汉果本砧和组培苗易发生根结线虫病,但是组培苗的果实产量和品质较好。在嫁接方法选择上,劈接法嫁接的成活率高于顶插法,而且在株高、茎粗、叶片数和叶片大小等幼苗生长能力方面都显著高于顶插法;在嫁接苗的管理上,于园土中加入20%蚯蚓粪的混合基质能显著促进罗汉果嫁接苗的生长。关键词:罗汉果;葫芦科;砧木;嫁接;综合效应中图分类号:S567.23+9;S504.3文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2013)04-0854-07StudyonComprehensiveEffectofGraftin£Siraitiagrosvenorii
3、onCucurbitaceaePlantsXUEJin-junl,2,QINZhong-ming2(1.CollegeofAgricultural,HebeiUniversityofEngineering,Handan056021,Hebei,China;2.CollegeofAgricultural,GuangxiUniversity,Nanning530005,China)Abstract:CucurbitaceaeplantsincludingTrichosantheskirilowiiMaxim,Lagenariasiceraria(Molina)Stand1.,Momordicac
4、ochinchinensis(Lour.)Spreng.wereusedasgraftin百rootstockofSiraitiagrosvenorii(Swingle)C・JeffreyexLuetZ.Y.Zhang,takingS.grosvenoriitissuecultureseedlingsandS.grosvenoriirawplantasrootstockascontroltoexplorethecomprehensiveeffectsofdifferentcombinationsofsciononthegrowthandfruitingofS.grosvenorii.Resu
5、ltsshowedthattheCucurbitaceaeplantsandS.grosvenoriihadgoodgraftingcompatibility・ComparedtoS.grosvenoriitissuecultureseedlingsandS・grosvenoriirawplantasrootstock,usingL・sicerariaasrootstock,theS.grosvenoriiwaswithmorefruits,highyield,goodquality,strongMeloidogyneresistance;andthegraftingcouldbeeasil
6、yoperatedwithrelativelyhighsurvivalrate.M.cochinchinensisrootedpowerfullyandwaswithMeloidogyneresistance,thusthesurvivalratewasthehighestwhenitwasusedastherootstock;andplantgrowthwasexuberant;however,thegra.ftedplantscouldnotflower,thusitshouldbeconsideredasbaserootstock・SeedgerminationofT.kirilowi
7、iwasdifficult,throughvariable-temperaturepregerminationtreatment(day25°C/12h,35°C/12h)couldincreasegerminationrate.UsingT.kirilowiiasrootstoct,theaffinitywasnormal,whilefruitsettingrateandresistancetoMeloid