韵律学和英语的韵律结构ProsodyandEnglishProsodicStructure

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1、WEEK9IntonationandEnglishProsodicStructureElisabethNorcliffeLing11024May2005OverviewProsodyandprosodicstructureThephoneticsideThephonologicalsideIntonationFunctionsCharacterizingintonation:ToBIToBIandEnglishprosodicstructurePost-Nucleardomain:atestcaseThesuprasegmentalpropert

2、iesofspeechPhonetically,speechcannotbecharacterizedjustbysequencesofphonemes,syllablesandwords.Thereareadditionalpropertiesofspeech:pitch,duration,stress.Thesearethesuprasegmentalpropertiesofspeech.ProsodyProsody:ThesuprasegmentalinformationofnaturalspeechAspectsofProsodyImetMar

3、yandElena’smotheratthemallyesterday.ProsodicstructureImetMaryandElena’smotheratthemallyesterdayMary&Elena’smothermall(fromVendetti2001)ImetMaryandElena’smotheratthemallyesterday.ImetMaryandElena’smotheratthemallyesterdayMarymallElena’smotherSeparatephrases,withexpandedpitchmovem

4、ents(fromVendetti2001).ImetMaryandElena’smotheratthemallyesterday.ThephonologicalaspectofprosodyThehierarchicalorganizationofsegmentsintoconstituents.OrganizationisdeterminedbyrelativeprominencesateachlevelofstructureProminencesProminenceatthewordlevel:Distinguishesstressedsylla

5、blesfromunstressedsyllables.Suprasegmentalfeatures:stress,length,Prominencesatthesentencelevel:DividesutterancesintophrasalchunksPitchaccents,boundarytones,lengthProsodicstructureUtteranceUIntonationalPIPIPIntermediatePXPXPXPWordWWWWWSyllableSSSSSSSSSSThephoneticsideofprosodyDea

6、lswiththeacousticcorrelatesofprosodicorganizationVarioussuprasegmentalacousticpropertiesfunctionascuesforthesuprasegmentalfeatures.photographphotographyPhoneticcorrelatesofprosody:StressStressiscuedbydurationand/oramplitudeatthewordlevel.Stressedsyllablesarelongerandlouder.Legum

7、esareaGOODsourceofvitamins(fromVendetti2001)StressiscuedbyF0(pitch)atthephraselevel(i.e.,pitchaccents).Stressedwordshavepitchaccents.WheneverIeatcake,IlaughWheneverIeat,IlaughPhoneticcorrelatesofprosody:StructuralpositionAsegment’spositionintheprosodicstructurealsohasparticular

8、phoneticproperties,forexample:Preboundarylength