Professional English for Chemical Engineering(化工专业英语)---6

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1、CohesionandCoherenceinTranslation语篇（discourse)语篇是指任何不受完全句子语法约束的在一个特定的语境中具有交际功能，表示完整语义的自然语言单位。可以是是一个词，一个句子，一篇散文，一则日记，一部小说。篇章语言学的七个标准1衔接（cohesion),2连贯（coherence），3意图性（intentionality），4可接受（acceptability),5信息性（informality),6情景性（situationality),7篇际性(intertextuality).Basisofpassagetranslati

2、onWordtranslationSentencetranslationSemanticanalysiscollocationTechniques?analysis–gr.&sem.restructuringTechniques?Whatcallsfortheattention?Whatstrategiestoadopt?CohesionUllaConnordefinescohesionas"theuseofexplicitlinguisticdevicestosignalrelationsbetweensentencesandpartsoftexts."Thes

3、ecohesivedevicesarephrasesorwordsthathelpthereaderassociatepreviousstatementswithsubsequentones.InCohesioninEnglish,M.A.Hallidayidentifyfivegeneralcategoriesofcohesivedevicesthatsignalcoherenceintexts:1)reference2)ellipsis3)substitution4)lexicalcohesion5)conjunctionCoherenceCoherencei

4、sasemanticpropertyofdiscourseformedthroughtheinterpretationofeachindividualsentencerelativetotheinterpretationofothersentences.Relationshipbetweencohesion&coherenceAtextmaybecohesivewithoutnecessarilybeingcoherent:Cohesiondoesnotspawncoherence."Cohesion,"Connorwrites,"isdeterminedbyle

5、xicallyandgrammaticallyovertintersententialrelationships,whereascoherenceisbasedonsemanticrelationships."Ex.2A:CanyougotoEdinburghtomorrow?B:B.E.A.pilotsareonstrike.Ex.1IboughtaFord.ThecarinwhichPresidentWilsonrodedowntheChapsElyseeswasblack.BlackEnglishhasbeenwidelydiscussed.Thediscu

6、ssionsbetweenthepresidentsendedlastweek.Aweekhassevendays.EverydayIfeedmycat.Catshavefourlegs.Thecatisonthemat.Mathasthreeletters.Mr.Kirsch,havinglostallhismoneybythistime,followedhismasteroutintothemoonlight,wheretheilluminationswerewinkingout.(fromVanityFair)基希先生这时输得两手空空，便跟着主人走出屋来；月

7、光下，彩灯闪闪烁烁，渐渐熄灭。译文用分号把人物活动和环境描写拆开来译，译文顺畅明了。同时把“月光下”置于两个分句之间，又加强了语篇的衔接，使人物活动和环境描写有机地连结在一起。Hetookouthiskeyandopenedthedoor,andweallwenttoastonehall,andbaregloomyandlittleused.(fromGreatExpectation)句中跟在astonehall后面的是环境描写部分，went是人物的行为。这种人物行为和环境描写交织在一起的信息内容，英语可用一句话一口气说完，汉语却不同，需要增加一些词。他取出钥匙开

8、了门，大家