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1、专业英语四级分类模拟69READINGCOMPREHENSIONTEXTAAnIndianwebsite,ipaidabribe.com,setuplastsummerbyanti-corruptionactivists,revealsjusthowgreedyofficialscanbe.Ithasdocumentedover8,500instancesofbriberyaddinguptonearly375mrupees•Theseinclude100rupeestogetapolicemantoregisteracomplaintaboutastolenm
2、obilephoneand500rupeesforaclerktohandoveramarriagecertificate•Theamountsaremuchlargertofacilitateincome-taxrefunds,wherethestandardncharge11is10%；sumsbetween5,000and50,000rupeeschangehands.Butsuchinitiativescandolittlebeyondallowingpeopletoventtheirangeraboutcorruption.KaushikBasu,th
3、echiefeconomicadvisertoIndia1sfinanceministry,suggeststhatthismaybepartlybecausethelawtreatsbothbribe-givingandbribe-takingascrimes•Thismakesithardtoblowthewhistleoncorruptofficialszbecausethebribe-giverhasalsobrokenthelaw.Inaprovocativepaperbasedongametheory,MrBasuarguesforthelegali
4、sationofsomekindsofbribe-giving.HisproposalhascausedafuriousdebateinIndia,withtelevisionchannelsevenassemblingpanelstodiscussit•Somethunderthattheeconomistiscondoning（宽恕）corruption.ButMrBasumakesclearthatpayinganofficialtobendtherulesinone1sfavourshouldcontinuetobeillegal•Thecategory
5、ofpaymentshewouldliketolegaliseareHharassmentbribes11,madebyapersontogetthingstowhichheislegallyentitled.Insuchcases,MrBasuargues,thegivershouldbegrantedimmunity（豁免）fromprosecutionandaprovencomplaintshouldresultnotonlyinpunishmentforthecorruptofficialbutalsoinanrefundnforthebribe-giv
6、er.Thesesteps,hebelieves,willgivebriberyvictimstheconfidencetolodgecomplaintsandencouragingthemtohangontoevidenceofbribery.Fearofbeingcaughtshouldmakeofficialsmorewaryofaskingforbribesinthefirstplace•Thissoundspromisingintheory.ButIndia1scourtsarenotoriouslyslow.JeanDregraveze,anIndi
7、andevelopmenteconomist,thinksthatthedifficultyofpursuingalegalcaseagainstacorruptofficialmaymeanthatfewwillcomplain.Ifso,MrBasu1sideamayunintentionallyresultinanincreaseintheincidenceofcorruption.Atleastsomepeoplewhowouldearlierhaverefusedwhenaskedforabribe,MrDregravezethinks,wouldno
8、wpayup.Yetwh
