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1、TheMayflower'sArrival:providingthebasisofthenatiorTspresentformofdemocraticself-governmentandfundamentalfreedomsColonialLiterature殖民文学—JonathanEdwards(1703-1758)fi要的哲学神学家…BenjaminFranklin(1706/1705-1790)(practicalvaluesofthrift,hardwork,piety,sobriety,education,communityspir
2、it,self-governinginstitutions)；TheAutobiography自传■一J.HectorSt.JohndeCrQvecoeur(：1735-1813):LettersfromanAmericanFarmer；Puritanism:predestination&selectedsalvation命运&选择救赎RomanticLiterature浪漫文学…PhilipMorinFreneau(1752-1832):TheWildHoneySuckle"(1786),theIndianBuryingGround…Wash
3、ingtonIrving(1783-1859):"TheLegendofSleepyHollow"and"RipVanWinkle"…JamesFenimoreCooper(1789-1851):theLeatherstockingTales(TheDeerslayer,TheLastoftheMohicans,ThePathfinder,ThePioneers,ThePrairie)Transcendentalism超现实主义…RalphWaldoEmerson(1803-1882)(thephilosophyofTranscendental
4、ism):Nature(1836),TheAmericanScholar(1837),Essays:FirstSeries(1841),Essays:SecondSeries(1844)…HenryDavidThoreau(1817-1862):Walden,ResistancetoCivilGovernment—WaltWhitman(1819-1892):LeavesofGrass("SongofMyself","0Captain!MyCaptain!","WhenLilacsLastintheDooryardBloom'd")■一Emil
5、yDickinson(1830-1886)(containsshortlines,typicallylacktitles,andoftenuseunusualrhyme,meter,capitalization,punctuation,idiosyncraticvocabularyandimagery.Manyofherpoemsdealwiththemesoflove,deathandimmortality.)…NathanielHawthorne(1804-1864):shortstories:YoungGoodmanBrown,TheMi
6、nister'sBlackVeil;TheScarletLetter(1850)TheHouseoftheSevenGables(1851),TheBlithedaleRomance(1852),TheMarbleFaun(I860).—HermanMelville(1819-1891):Moby-Dick(1851)■一EdgarAllanPoe(1809-1849):TheRaven(1845),TheFalloftheHouseofUsherAmericanRealism(theCivilWar-1890s)Background:TheC
7、ivilWar(1861-1865),FastgrowingoftheUnitedStatesasanindustrialnation.…WilliamDeanHowells(1837-1920),GenteelRealism,thefatherofAmericanrealism):CriticismandFiction,TheRiseofSilasLapham■一HenryJames(1843-1916)PsychologicalRealism,majorfiguresoftrans-Atlanticliterature.Heisbestkn
8、ownforhisInternationaltheme)ThePortraitofaLady,TheAmbassadors(1903),TheArto
