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1、6pedantry译文定义“迂腐”并不容易。这定义应该公允而不变。但“迂腐”却要视情况而变化。当在下院不能引用希腊文,引用就是迂腐时,却可以引用拉丁文。今天,在下院引用拉丁文,也同引用希腊文一样是学究气,但在古典文学习班,两种文字都可以引用,一点也不让人感到是迂腐。Newwords译文检验是否是“迂腐”,不仅要看时间和地点是否适合,也要看程度、质量、数量和种类,是否适合。亚里士多德在说“主题不应处理得超过目的所要求的精度”时,就避免了一种“迂腐”。如果有人想知道每个美国家庭的平均孩子数,把它计算到小数点后五位,那就是迂腐。当一个讲古(
2、趣闻轶事)的人,停下来去搞清是星期二还是星期三时,要是这和理解故事无关,他就是迂腐。Purposeofthewriting:pedantrypredominates;itistheseaaroundus译文换句话说,理智上的正确与否,就是看是否讲了超出主题该讲的有意义的话。或者再换句话说,知识未必是没完没了,越多越好。当一段陈述的最后意义讲完了,再讲就是迂腐了。现在请看看每年那大块头的学术论文,用上述是否得当和是否讲了费话来衡量一下,就可以清楚地看到,迂腐比比皆是。我们深陷迂腐的大海。Agenus-speciesdefinitioni
3、sgoodforconcretephysicalobjects,notforabstractwordslikepedantry.Mr.Barzundefinespedantrybypointingoutitsspecificexamples.Wecallitdefiningbyexample,orexamplification.Ithelpsmakethemeaningclearer.However,sometimesitmaymisleadthereaderwhenthereaderthinksdifferently.Exercis
4、es7,8,and97:Allthethreeoriginalsentencesareperiodicsentences.Therevisionlosesthesuspension.8:Therevisionlosesthedramaticdevelopmenttothelogicalconclusionandclimax.9:Theoriginalsentencestressestheword“today”,therestaresubordinateclauses.LookupTaint:slighttouchofdecay,dir
5、tAscertain:Tomakecertain,definite,andprecise.Homogenous:formedofpartsofthesamekindconsistentScholarly:concernedwithseriousdetailedstudiesExercises11,12,and1311:Whenadefinitionisneutralandfixed,allpeoplecanacceptthemeaning,anduseitwithoutmisinterpretation.Mr.Barzunsugges
6、tthatthemeaningofpedantrychanges.12:therepetitionoffitnessfocusesmoreattentionandemphasisonthekeyword“fitness.”13:Inotherwordsisanexpositorytransitionintroducingamorepreciseillustrationorcorrection.Ifawriterfailstomakehimselfclear,hemayrepeatthesameideabyrephrasingitins
7、omeotherway7.PLOTNewwordssequence(n.)Anumberofthingsinorasifinline:series,chain,catena,course,ordercausalityn.pl.causalities1.Theprincipleoforrelationshipbetweencauseandeffect.2.Acausalagency,force,orquality.preserve,keepovershadow(v.)Tosurpassinpower,importance,orinflu
8、ence:predominate,dominate,govern,loomlarge,prevailUnderlinethekeywords1Letusdefineaplot.Wehavedefinedastoryasa