经济学原理__英文版复习题

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1、复习题：一、TrueorFalse：1.Governmentpoliciesthatimproveequalityusuallyincreaseefficiencyatthesametime.2.Arationaldecisionmakertakesanactionifandonlyifthemarginalcostexceedsthemarginalbenefit.3.Tradeallowseachpersontospecializeintheactivitiesheorshedoesbest,thusincreasingeachindivid

2、ual'sproductivity.4.theproductionpossibilitiesfrontiershowstheopportunitycostofonegoodasmeasuredintermsoftheothergood.5.Whenaproductionpossibilitiesfrontierisbowedoutward,theopportunitycostofthefirstgoodintermsofthesecondgoodincreasesasmoreofthesecondgoodisproduced.6.Foracoun

3、tryproducingtwogoods,theopportunitycostofonegoodwillbetheinverseoftheopportunitycostoftheothergood.7.Ifacountryhasthecomparativeadvantageinproducingaproduct,thenthatcountrymustalsohavetheabsoluteadvantageinproducingthatproduct.8.Anincreaseinthepriceofpizzawillshiftthedemandcu

4、rveforpizzatotheleft.9.Adecreaseinsupplyshiftsthesupplycurvetotheright.10.Thedemandforgasolinewillrespondmoretoachangeinpriceoveraperiodoffiveweeksthanoveraperiodoffiveyears.11.Supposethatwhenthepricerisesby10%foraparticulargood,thequantitydemandedofthatgoodfallsby30%.Thepric

5、eelasticityofdemandforthisgoodisequalto1/3.12.Demandisinelasticifthepriceelasticityofdemandisgreaterthan1.13.Apriceceilingisalegalminimumonthepriceatwhichagoodorservicecanbesold.14.Apricefloorsetabovetheequilibriumpriceisnotbinding.15.Theequilibriumofsupplyanddemandinamarketm

6、aximizesthetotalbenefitstobuyersandsellersofparticipatinginthatmarket.16.Efficiencyisrelatedtothesizeoftheeconomicpie,whereasequalityisrelatedtohowthepiegetsslicedanddistributed.17.Whenmarketsfail,publicpolicycanpotentiallyremedytheproblemandincreaseeconomicefficiency.18.Asth

7、esizeofataxincreases,thegovernment'staxrevenuerises,thenfalls.19.Becausethesupplyoflandisperfectlyelastic,thedeadweightlossofataxonlandisverylarge.20.Inprinciple,tradecanmakeanationbetteroff,becausethegainstothewinnersexceedthelossestothelosers.21.Ifatariffisplacedonwatches,t

8、hepriceofbothdomesticandimportedwatcheswillrisebytheamountofthetarif