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1、低轨卫星增强BDS卫星定轨技术探讨王乐燕兴元张勤黄观文秦志伟长安大学地质工程与测绘学院摘要:针对BDS的GEO卫星与地面监测站的几何构型变化缓慢,导致其站星几何结构较差、定轨精度较低,以及中国区域地面监测站难以对BDSIGSO和MEO卫星形成连续多重覆盖观测,导致有效观测弧段较短、相对于基于全球地面监测站的定轨精度低、影响BDS广播星历的服务性能等问题,探讨一种将载有星载GNSS接收机的低轨卫星作为BDS卫星精密定轨的高动态监测站,联合BDS地面监测站数据,同时解算BDS卫星轨道和钟差以及低轨卫星轨道等参数的技术。实验结果证明该技术可极大改善测站与卫星的空间
2、几何构型,增加有效观测弧长,实现多重覆盖观测,进而提高BDS3种类型卫星轨道的确定精度,提升BDS的服务性能。关键词:北斗系统;低轨卫星;地面监测站;精密定轨;广播星历;作者简介:王乐(1986—),男,山东蓬莱人,博士研究生,研究方向为卫星精密定轨。作者简介:张勤(1958-),女,陕西西安人,博士,教授,研究方向为GNSS数据处理等。收稿日期:2017-03-27基金:国家自然科学基金项目(41304033,41674001)DiscussionontechnologyofBDSsatelliteorbitdeterminationenhancedbyL
3、EOsatellitesWANGLeYANXingyuanZHANGQinHUANGGuanwenQINZhiweiCollegeofGeologicalEngineeringandGeoma/tics,Chang'anUniversity;Abstract:AimingattheproblemsthatgeometricconfigurationbetweenBDSGEOsatellitesandgroundmonitoringstationschangesslowly,resultinginpoorgeometricstructureandloworbi
4、tingaccuracyofGEO,anditisdifficuItfortheregionalgroundmonitoringstationsinChinatoobservetheBDSIGSOandMEOsatellitescontinuously,leadingtoshortereffeetivcobservationarcandlowerorbitingprecision,comparingwiththeorbitdeterminationbasedonglobalgroundmonitoringstations,whichimpactstheser
5、viceperformanceofBDSbroadcastephemeris,thepaperdiscussedatechnologythattheLEOsatel1iteswithspeiceborneGNSSrecieverswereusedashighdynamicmonitoringstationsforthepreciseorbitingofBDS,combiningwithgroundregionalmonitoringstationstocalculateBDSsatelliteorbitandclockerrorsandLEOsatellit
6、eorbitparametersandsoonatthesametime.Experimentalresultshowedthatthetechnologycouldgreatlyimprovethespatialgeometricalstructurebetweenthestationsandsatcllitcs,increasetheeffeetivcobservationarclength,achieveoverlappingcoverageobservation,andthenenhancethedeterminationaccuracyofthet
7、hreetypesofBDSorbitsandfinallypromotetheperformanceofBDSservice.Keyword:BDS;LEO;groundmonitoringstations;preciseorbiting;broodcastephemeris;Received:2017-03-27o引言北斗卫星导航系统(BeiDounavigationsatellitesystem,BDS)是我国自主开发、独立运行的全球卫星导航系统(globalnavigationsatellitesystem,GNSS),可为全球或区域不同需求的用户提
8、供定位导航授时(positioningnavigat