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1、LanguageContact刘嫣31004010Reference:《语言接触背景下的汉语英化倾向及本质》BY武小军FROM现代语文《从语言接触角度看“××门”语言现象》BY谭勇琳FROM太原城市职业技术学院学报Content：1.Introduction2.Chinesewordsinotherlanguages3.ExamplesofforeignloanwordsinChinese4.AnglicizeofChinese5.Examplesof“××GATE”1.IntroductionAsthe
2、termsuggests,languagecontactreferstocontactbetweenlanguagesduetogeographicalorsocialproximity.Contactbetweenlanguagesmayleavesomemarksonthelanguagesinvolved.Themostobviouseffectoflanguagecontactistheexistenceofloanwordsinlanguages.2.Chinesewordsinotherlan
3、guagesWordsmaybeborrowedfromChineseinseveralways.Awordmaybeborrowedinallitsaspects,i.e.,sounds,meaningandeventhewayitiswritten;itcanalsobeborrowedpartially,namely,withoutthewritingorthesound.SomeexamplesofChinesewordsinEnglishare:silk,china,tea,tofu,typho
4、on.Theseareallborrowedforthesoundandmeaningonly.ThesamewordmaybeborrowedalongdifferentroutesfromdifferentdialectsinChina.Thewordfortea茶‘chá’isagoodexample.Therearebasicallytwodifferentpronunciationsforthewordforteainthelanguagesthathaveborrowedthewordfrom
5、China.OneisthepronunciationfoundinEnglishandsimilarpronunciationsinFrench(thé)andGerman(tee).ThemostmassiveborrowingofChinesewordscanbefoundinJapanese,KoreanandVietnamese.Theborrowinghasbeensoextensivethatthethreelanguagesaresometimesreferredtoasforeign‘d
6、ialects’.TheloadwordsfromChineseinJapanese,KoreanandVietnamesearecalledSino-Japanese,Sino-KoreanandSino-Vietnamesewordsrespectively.Inthesethreelanguages,thewordsareborrowedtogetherwiththecharacters,sometimeswiththesounds,sometimeswithoutthesounds.Wewilll
7、ookatthecaseofJapaneseinsomedetail.InJapanese,therearetwomajorwaysinwhichChinesewordsareborrowed,i.e.,withorwithoutChinesepronunciations.WordsthatwereborrowedwithChinesepronunciationsbelongtothe音读Onyomicategory.Someexamplesarethenumbersfrom1-10,新闻asin每日新闻
8、(mainichishinbunvs.Mandarinměirìxīnwén)。3ExamplesofforeignloanwordsinChineseAsitisthecasewithChinesewordsinotherlanguages,therearealsotwowaysofborrowingforeignwords,namely,soundsaswellasmeaningorjustmeaningsalone.Fo
