高级商务英语听说（第二版）Unit2HotIssuesinInternationalTrade

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1、HotIssuesinInternationalTrade国际贸易的热点问题Unit2LearningobjectivesInthisunitstudentswilllearnwordsandexpressionsrelatedtointernationaltrade.Studentswillbeabletotalkaboutthehotissuesrelatedtointernationaltradesuchastraderelations,tradedeficit,tradebarriers

2、,andtradedisputesetc.BackgroundreadingNotes:outsourcing:workdoneforacompanybypeopleotherthanthecompany'sfull-timeemployees外包prevalence:theconditionofbeingprevalent,beingwidespread普遍；盛行；流行。Hewassurprisedbytheprevalenceofoptimismaboutthefuture.Mercanti

3、lism:economicsystemofthemajortradingnationsduringthe16th,17th,and18thcentury,basedonthepremisethatnationalwealthandpowerwerebestservedbyincreasingexportsandcollectingpreciousmetalsinreturn.重商主义paramount:greaterthanallothersinimportanceorinfluence最高的；至

4、上的；首要的。Theinterestsoftheconsumershouldbeparamount.GATT:GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTradeprovidedtheframeworkformostimportantinternationaltariffnegotiationsfrom1947until1994关贸总协定WorldTradeOrganization:establishedin1995,theinternationalorganizationwhich

5、resultedfromtheUruguayRoundofGATTnegotiations.Itisintendedtopromoteworldtradebetweenmembernations,administerglobaltradeagreementsandresolvedisputeswhentheyarise.世界贸易组织，其前身为关贸总协定autarchy：economicindependenceorself-sufficiency;acountrythatpracticesthiss

6、ystem自给自足；实行自给自足政策的国家proponent:apersonwhosupportsorarguesinfavorofsomething;advocate支持者；辩护者；鼓吹者lobby:agroupofpeoplewhounitefororagainstaplannedactioninanattempttopersuadethoseinpowertochangetheirminds.游说团体theGreatDepression:Worldwideeconomiccollapsefo

7、llowingthestockmarketcrashin1929,inwhichunemploymentremainedhighforanextendedperiodandmanybusinessesfailed.大萧条MERCOSUR:(MercadoComúndelSur)theCommonMarketoftheSouth;amultilateralagreementontrade,includingagriculturaltrade,betweenArgentina,Brazil,Parag

8、uayandUruguay.Theagreementwassignedin1991andcameintoeffecton1January1995.Itsmaingoalistocreateacustomsunionbetweenthefourcountriesby2006.南方共同市场NAFTA:NorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement.A1994agreementreachedbytheUnitedStates,Canada,andMexicothatins