医学专业英语词汇ppt课件

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1、BasicElementsofMedicalWords-1originofmedicalEnglishwords1.fromcommonEnglish2.fromLatin3.fromGreek4.coinage1.wordscomingfromcommonEnglish:whoopingcough百日咳Ahighlycontagiousdiseaseoftherespiratorysystem,usuallyaffectingchildren,thatiscausedbythebacteriumBordetellapertuss

2、isandischaracterizedinitsadvancedstagebyspasmsofcoughinginterspersedwithdeep,noisyinspirations.Alsocalledpertussis百日咳pinkeye/epidemickeratoconjunctivitis(角膜结膜炎)knock-knee/genuvalgum(膝内翻)athlete’sfoot/tineapedis足廯piles/hemorrhoids(痔疮)lockjaw/tetanus(破伤风)fits/convulsion

3、(惊厥）Fever发热;short-sight近视;consumption肺痨（消耗）nettlerash;风疹stroke;中风baldness;indigestion;消化不良blister;水疱，砂眼Swelling肿;measles麻疹Rabies狂犬病;windpipe气管WordscomingfromLatinhumanbodyanatomyfunctionorstatuscerebrum(脑）ala（翼）rigor（　寒战）pelvis（骨盆）plexus（丛）stuporcornea（角膜）plica（皱襞）nau

4、seahumerus（　肱骨）fossa（窝）tonus（肌肉的强直性,强直性痉挛）capita（头）cervix(颈）bronchus（支气管）Abdomen腹部，腹腔brachium(臂）aorta（主动脉）os（骨）rememberthem:cutis（真皮）fascia（筋膜）corpusgenu（膝）vertebra（椎骨）labium（唇）sinus（窦）WordscomingfromGreekthorax（胸）iris（虹膜）metra（子宫）colon（结肠）stenosis（狭窄）stasis（停滞）ptosis

5、（下垂）ectopia（异位）othercommonmedicalwordsfromGreekstoma（口，小空）soma（身体，躯干）glottis（声门）derma（真皮）larynx（喉）nephron（肾单位）rachis（脊柱）pharynx（咽）phalanx（指骨）coinageTularemia(Tulare；aplaceinCalifornia)（土拉菌病,兔热病；野兔病）CushingDisease(firstdiscoveredbyHarveyCushing)VenDebergh’stest(totesti

6、cterusandliverdisease)somecommoncoinagesAlzheimer’sdisease/preseniledementia(早老性痴呆）Graves’sdisease/exophthalmicgoiter（突眼性甲状腺肿）Parkinson’sdisease/paralysisagitans（震颤麻痹）Addison’sdisease/chronichypoadrenocorticism（慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退）Pott’sdisease/spinalcaries（脊柱骨疽）basicelements

7、ofmedicalwords1.root(base)2.affixes:prefixessuffixes3.Vowels元音that’sjointhepartsabovementionedSomeexamplesofroots(bases)WordRootMeaningEpigraphic碑文的graphwritingAtrophy萎缩trophnourishingSomeexamplesofroots(bases)WordRootMeaningLobotomy额叶切除术Lob(e)Asubdivisionofabodilyo

8、rganorpartboundedbyfissures,connectivetissue,orotherstructuralboundaries.WordRootMeaningUrology泌尿学ur(ine)waste,fluid,acidpro