资源描述：
《国际人道法模拟法庭竞赛书状》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、II.WARCRIMEOFEXCESSIVEINCIDENTALDEATH,INJURYORDAMAGE1.GeneralReedCommittedWarCrimeofExcessiveIncidentalDeath,Injury,orDamageApartfromthecommonelementsstatedabove,warcrimeofexcessiveincidentaldeath,injuryordamagestillrequiresthefollowingelements:1.1.Theattackscau
2、sedexcessivedeath,injuryanddamagesGeneralReedviolatedtheprincipleofproportionality.Theprincipleofproportionalityrequiredthatanyincidentaldamagetociviliansmustwithinthe1proportiontothedirectmilitaryadvantagegainedbythemilitaryattack.Militaryobjectivesarethosewhic
3、hbytheirnature,location,purposeorusemakeaneffectivecontributiontomilitaryactionandwhosetotalorpartialdestructionoffersa2definitemilitaryadvantage.TheBASfactorywasusedtoproducetheexplosivedevicesandmadeaneffectivecontributiontomilitaryaction,andthedestructionofit
4、3wouldofferadefinitemilitaryadvantage.Bing,asacommanderofDKF(aparamilitarygroupinKebia),madeaneffectivecontributiontothemilitaryactionandhisdeathoffersadefinitemilitaryadvantage.Therefore,thefactoryandBingcanbejustifiedasmilitaryobjectives.Theconcreteanddirectmi
5、litaryadvantageanticipatedherewasthedestructionofthefactoryandthekillingofBing.4Civiliansarepersonswhoarenot,ornolonger,membersofthearmedforces.Theworkersinthefactory,Bing’sfamilyandotherresidentsinthisbuildingwerecivilians,thedeathandinjuryofwhoshallbejustified
6、asincidentalloss.1ICTY,ProsecutorvKupreškić(TJ),CaseNo.IT-95-16-T,para.524.2APIGC,Article52(2).3MootProblem,para.18-25.4ICTY,ProsecutorvBlaškić(TJ),CaseNo.IT-95-14-T,para.751.GeneralReedfailedtokeepbalancebetweenthemilitaryadvantageandincidentalloss.Indeterminin
7、gwhetheranattackwasproportionate,itisnecessarytoexaminewhetherareasonablewell-informedcommandermakeabalanceddecisionbetween5themilitaryadvantageandincidentalloss.InreferencetotheIsraelattackontheGazapoliceforce,theMissionclaimedthattheattackwasdisproportionalfor
8、theIsraelpartyfailedtostrikeanacceptablebalancebetweenthedirectmilitaryadvantageanticipated(i.e.thekillingofthosepolicemenwhomayhavebeenmembersofPalestinianarmedgroup
