《用concord1》ppt课件

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1、Lecture2Subject-PredicateConcord主谓一致Subject-PredicateConcord1.AgeneralintroductionSubject-PredicateConcord:Theagreementbetweensubjectandpredicateinnumberandperson.主谓一致（subject-verb concord）:主语和谓语动词在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系 。ThreeprinciplesofS-PconcordGrammaticalConco

2、rd语法一致原则NotionalConcord意义一致原则PrincipleofProximity就近原则GrammaticalConcordreferstotherulethattheverbmustmatchitssubjectinnumber.语法一致指主语和动词在“数”上的一致。Ifthesubjectisplural,theverbshouldtaketheplural复数的form;if,ontheotherhand,thesubjectissingular单数的orisanuncountable不可

3、数noun,theverbshouldtakethesingularform.e.g.Bothboyshavetheirownmerits.Fewstudentsarereallylazy.Manypeoplewanttogo.Twogirlswerestandingonthecorner.Mucheffortiswasted.Eachboyhashisownbook.Everygirlcomesontime.Eitheransweriscorrect.Mucheffortiswasted.NotionalCon

4、cordreferstotherulethattheverbcansometimesagreewiththesubjectaccordingtothenotionofnumberratherthantotheactualpresenceofthegrammaticalmarkerforthatnotion.主谓一致并非取决于语法上的单复数形式，而是取决于主语的单复数意义。e.g.Thegovernmenthaveaskedthecountrytodecidebyavote.Fifteenmilesseemslik

5、ealongwalktome.Fifty-sixdollarswasstolenfromthecashregister.PrincipleofProximitydenotesagreementoftheverbwithacloselyprecedingnounphraseratherthantheheadnounthatfunctionsassubject.就近原则指“谓语动词”与最靠近他的名词短语的单复数形式一致而不是与主语名词一致”e.g.Eithermybrothersormyfatheriscoming.

6、Onlyoneoutoffivewerepresent.Nooneexcepthisownsupportersagreewithhim.NeitherJulianorIamgoing.2.Concordwithnounsendingin–s1)Diseaseandgamenames游戏名称endingin–s2)Subjectnames学科名称endingin–ics3)Geographicalnames地理名称endingsin–s4)Othernounsendingin-s2.1.TobesingularA.

7、diseasenames通常做单数,但也有单复数都可arthritis关节炎bronchitis支气管炎diabetes糖尿病measles麻疹mumps腮腺炎病phlebitis静脉炎rabies狂犬病rickets软骨病Phlebitisisaswollen肿胀的conditionofthebloodvessels血管.p.23B.gamenames通常做单数（cards纸牌做复数）Cards(打纸牌) are not allowed here.billiards台球bowls保龄球draughts国际跳棋m

8、arbles弹子游戏checkers跳棋tiddlywinks挑圆片表示游戏所用的镖或弹子等意义时，复数形式用作复数。Dartsisessentiallyafreeandeasygame.Threedartsarethrownateachturn.p.23C.subjectnames学科名称通常做单数，但是这类名词表示“学科”意外的其他意义时，可用作复数acoustics