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1、外文文献翻译(含：英文原文及中文译文)文献出处：ProceedingsofIEEEVisual*96,Melbourne,Australia,February2006,p.447-458英文原文ManagementCenterofMySQLAuthors:Lauderdale,JohnTsang,DannyH.K.Baciu,GeorgeDatabase(sometimesspelleddatabase)isalsocalledanelectronicdatabase,referringtoanycollectionsofdata,orinformation,thatisspeciallyor
2、ganizedforrapidsearchandretrievalbyacomputer.Databasesarestructuredtofacilitatethestorage,retrieval,modificationanddeletionofdatainconjunctionwithvariousdata-processingoperations.Databasecanbestoredonmagneticdiskortape,opticaldisk,orsomeothersecondarystoragedevice・Adatabaseconsistsofafileorasetoffil
3、es.Theinformationinthethesefilesmaybebrokendownintorecords,eachofwhichconsistsofoneormorefieldsarethebasicunitsofdatastorage,andeachfieldtypicallycontainsinformationpertainingtooneaspectorattributeoftheentitydescribedbythedatabase・Usingkeywordsandvarioussortingcommands,userscanrapidlysearch,rearrang
4、e,group,andselectthefieldsinmanyrecordstoretrieveorcreatereportsonparticularaggregatesofdata・Databaserecordsandfilesmustbeorganizedtoallowretrievaloftheinformation.Earlysystemwerearrangedsequentially(i.e.,alphabetically,numerically,orchronologically);thedevelopmentofdirect-accessstoragedevicesmadepo
5、ssiblerandomaccesstodataviaindexes・Queriesarethemainwayusersretrievedatabaseinformation.Typicallytheuserprovidesastringofcharacters,andthecomputersearchesthedatabaseforacorrespondingsequenceandprovidesthesourcematerialsinwhichthosecharactersappear.Ausercanrequest,forexample,allrecordsinwhichtheconte
6、ntofthefieldforaperson'slastnameisthewordSmith.Inflatdatabases,recordsareorganizedaccordingtoasimplelistofentities;manysimpledatabasesforpersonalcomputersareflatinstructure.Therecordsinhierarchicaldatabasesareorganizedinatreelikestructure,witheachlevelofrecordsbranchingoffintoasetofsmallercategories
7、.Unlikehierarchicaldatabases,whichprovidesinglelinksbetweensetsofrecordsatdifferentlevels,networkdatabasescreatemultiplelinkagesbetweensetsbyplacinglinks,orpointers,toonesetofrecordsinanother;thespeed
