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1、外文原文ManagementCenterofMySQLAuthors:Lauderdale,JohnTsang,DannyH.K.Baciu,GeorgeIssueDate:2006Citation:ProceedingsofIEEEVisual'96,Melbourne,Australia,February2006,p.447-458Database(sometimesspelleddatabase)isalsocalledanelectronicdatabase,referringtoanycollectionsofdata,orinformation,tha
2、tisspeciallyorganizedforrapidsearchandretrievalbyacomputer.Databasesarestructuredtofacilitatethestorage,retrieval,modificationanddeletionofdatainconjunctionwithvariousdata-processingoperations.Databasecanbestoredonmagneticdiskortape,opticaldisk,orsomeothersecondarystoragedevice.Adatab
3、aseconsistsofafileorasetoffiles.Theinformationinthethesefilesmaybebrokendownintorecords,eachofwhichconsistsofoneormorefieldsarethebasicunitsofdatastorage,andeachfieldtypicallycontainsinformationpertainingtooneaspectorattributeoftheentitydescribedbythedatabase.Usingkeywordsandvariousso
4、rtingcommands,userscanrapidlysearch,rearrange,group,andselectthefieldsinmanyrecordstoretrieveorcreatereportsonparticularaggregatesofdata.Databaserecordsandfilesmustbeorganizedtoallowretrievaloftheinformation.Earlysystemwerearrangedsequentially(i.e.,alphabetically,numerically,orchronol
5、ogically);thedevelopmentofdirect-accessstoragedevicesmadepossiblerandomaccesstodataviaindexes.Queriesarethemainwayusersretrievedatabaseinformation.Typicallytheuserprovidesastringofcharacters,andthecomputersearchesthedatabaseforacorrespondingsequenceandprovidesthesourcematerialsinwhich
6、thosecharactersappear.Ausercanrequest,forexample,allrecordsinwhichthecontentofthefieldforaperson’slastnameisthewordSmith.Inflatdatabases,recordsareorganizedaccordingtoasimplelistofentities;manysimpledatabasesforpersonalcomputersareflatinstructure.Therecordsinhierarchicaldatabasesareor
7、ganizedinatreelikestructure,witheachlevelofrecordsbranchingoffintoasetofsmallercategories.Unlikehierarchicaldatabases,whichprovidesinglelinksbetweensetsofrecordsatdifferentlevels,networkdatabasescreatemultiplelinkagesbetweensetsbyplacinglinks,orpointers,toonesetofrecordsinanother;thes
8、peeda
