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1、2016年高考试题分项解析之专题4从句1.【2016・j匕京】22.1livenextdoortoacouplechildrenoftenmakealotofnoise.A.whoseB.whyC・whereD.which【答案】A【解析】试题分析:题目考查定语从句的关系词。acouple是先行词,这对夫妻的孩子很吵,childreii和ample是所属关系>故用whose作定语,whosechildren相当于thechildienofwhom,故选Ao考点:考查定语从句【名师点睛】定语从句的关系词分为关系代词(who,
2、whom,whose,that,which,as等)和关系副词(when,where,why等)。1.关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在从句中充当主语、宾语,定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。eg.Anarchitectisapersonwho/thatdesignshousesandbuildings.Thecitywhere/inwhichIwasbornisonthenewrailwayline.2.关系代词在定语从句屮作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先
3、行词保持一致。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,关系代词可省略(非限定性定语从句中不可省略)。eg.Ifinditdifficulttocooperatewiththosewhoalwayssticktotheirownopinions.Ifinditdifficulttocooperatewiththeonewhoalwaysstickstohisownopinion.Thesuit(which/that)thetailormadeformedoesn'tfitme.3.非限定性定语从句屮,关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词th
4、at,关系副词why,不可用于非限定性定语从句。4.作介词宾语的关系代词在限制和非限制性定语从句屮,关系代词作介词宾语,即介词+关系代词,whom用于指人,which用于指物,不能用thatoeg.Themanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowisheadofourdepartment.Mrs・Nye,withwhomyoushookhandsjustnow,isheadofourdepartment.Theroominwhichmyfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.2.[2016•
5、北京】24.Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.youcandohelps.A.HoweverB.WhoeverC.WhateverD.Wherever【答案】c【解析】试题分析:题目考查主语从句。helps杲谓语,“youcando"是主语部分,即主语从句,在主语从句中,do后缺少宾语,表示“任何事情3因此用whatever引导,故选C。考点:考查主语从句【名师点睛】主语从句SubjectClauses(在主语的位置上)1.从句的连接词可以是that,也可以是特殊疑问词wh-oThatheis
6、afamoussingerisknowntous•二Itisknowntousthat...Whetherweshallattendthemeetinghasn"tbeendecidedyet・Whowillgomakesnodifference.♦Itisknowntousthatheisafamoussinger.♦ItisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoAmerica・本题中,whatever引导主语从句,同时作do的宾语。2.wh和ever连用的词引导的名词性从句和状语从句的区别•区分使用wh-和
7、wh-ever:wh有疑问的意思;wh-ever有肯定强调的意思*Whowillbeinvitedhasn'tbeendecided.*Whoevercomeshereiswelcomed.*Arewardof$1,000willbegiventowhoevercanprovideanycluestothecase.*ThegiftwillbegiventowhomeverIlike・•wh-ever在引导名词性从句吋不能用nomatterwh-^fc替换,但在引导状语从句吋可以替换Whateverhappened,hew
8、ouldnotmind.=Nomatterwhathappened,he……3.[2016-北京】27.Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen,he'sinhisnineties.A.aslongasB・asifC・eventhoughD.incase【答案】c【