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1、MedicalTerminology-Diseases (医学英语术语之疾病)WhatisMedicalTerminology?MedicalTerminology:Itisaspecialvocabularyusedbyhealthcareprofessionalsforeffectiveandaccuratecommunication.Eg:hyperglycemia,gastritis,hypotensionIntroducingMedicalTerminologythroughaCaseMariaSmith,a28-year-oldwoman,w
2、astreatedforinjuriesinacaraccident.Duringhercourseoftreatment,shewasseenbyseveralspecialists.Forpaininherkneeandhipjoints,shewasreferredtoanorthopedist.Formigraineheadachesandblurryvision,sheconsultedaneurologist.Forpainonurinationandoccasionalbloodyurine,shesawaurologist.orthope
3、dist(骨科医师),neurologist（神经科医师）urologist（泌尿科医师）ist:specialistinafieldofstudycardiologist?dermatologist?Duringherinitialcourseoftreatment,shehadaCTscanofherabdomenandbrainandanMRIofherhipandknee.CTscan=ComputedTomographyScanMRI=MagneticResonanceImagingLectureOne-Diseases1.Definition
4、andCategoriesofDiseases(疾病的定义和种类)2.WordFormationRelatedtoDiseases(疾病名称的构词方法)3.NamesofCommonDiseases(常见疾病名称)1.DefinitionandCategoriesofDiseases (疾病的定义和种类)Whatarethecommondiseases?WhataretheirEnglishnames?headachefeverobesitycough1.DefinitionandCategoriesofDiseases (疾病的定义和种类)1.1Def
5、initionofDiseasesAdiseaseisanabnormalconditionofanorganismthatimpairsbodilyfunctions,associatedwithspecificsymptomsandsigns.1.DefinitionandCategoriesofDiseases (疾病的定义和种类)1.2CategoriesofDiseases1.2.1Infectiousdiseases（传染性疾病）1.2.2Degenerativediseases(退行性疾病)1.2.3Neoplasia（肿瘤、增生）1.2.
6、4Immunedisorders（免疫失调）1.2.5Metabolicdisorders（代谢紊乱）1.2.6Hormonaldisorders（激素水平紊乱）1.2.7Mentalandemotionaldisorders（精神和情感障碍）1.2CategoriesofDiseases1.2.1Infectiousdiseases（传染性疾病）Infectiousdiseasesarecausedbypathogenicmicroorganisms,suchasbacteria,viruses,parasitesorfungi(真菌).Thedise
7、asescanbespread,directlyorindirectly,fromonepersontoanother.Eg:flu,hepatitisB1.2CategoriesofDiseases1.2.2Degenerativediseases(退行性疾病)Degenerativediseasesresultfromwearandtear,aging,ortrauma(injury)thatcanresultinalesion(wound损伤)andperhapsnecrosis(death)oftissue.Eg:dementia,osteopo
8、rosis(骨质疏松)1.2CategoriesofDiseases1.2.3N
