托马斯.A.普格尔 国际贸易 英语chap007

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1、Chapter7GrowthandTradeWhat’sthesourcesoflong-runeconomicgrowth?BalancedversusbiasedgrowthGrowthinonlyonefactorChangesinthecountry’swillingnesstotradeEffectsonthecountry’stermoftradeTechnologyandtradeEconomicgrowthexpansionovertimeinthecapabilitiesofaneconomyt

2、oproducegoodsandservices.What’sthesourcesoflong-runeconomicgrowth?Increaseincountries’endowmentsofproductionfactorsImprovementsinproductiontechnologiesBalancedversusbiasedgrowthBalancedgrowththeppcshiftsoutproportionallysothatitsrelativeshapeisthesameBiasedgr

3、owtheconomicgrowththatfavorsproducingrelativelymoreofoneoftheproducts,sothattherelativeshapeofthenewproductionpossibilitycurvesskewstowardthefaster-growingproduct.Whatcancausebiasedgrowth?FromfactorsFromtechnologiesFigure7.1–BalancedandBiasedGrowthHowaboutthe

4、changeoftradetriangleinthreefigures?GrowthinonlyonefactorRybczynskitheorem:(1)anincreaseintheoutputquantityoftheproductthatusesthegrowingfactorintensively,and(2)adecreaseintheoutputquantityoftheotherproduct.Figure7.2–Single-FactorGrowth:TheRybczynskiTheoremCh

5、angesinthecountry’swillingnesstotradeWhathappenofthesizeoftradetriangleinfigure6.1whentheconsumptionofwheatdecrease?Whathappenofthesizeoftradetriangleinfigure6.1whentheconsumptionofwheatincrease?Effectsonthecountry’stermoftradeSmallcountryAcountrywhosetrade(o

6、rrealisticchangesinitstrade)doesnotaffectinternationalproductpricelargecountryacountrywhosetrade(orrealisticchangesinitstrade)affectsinternationalproductpriceSmallcountryIsitasmallcountryorbigcountryinFigure6.1?LargecountryCase1:thereductioninthecountry’sdema

7、ndforimports.Seefigure6.3Howabouttermoftradeincase1?Improveordeteriorate?TermoftradeimprovesFigure7.3–GrowthBiasedTowardReplacingImportsinaLargeCountryLargecountryCase2:theincreaseinthecountry’sdemandforimports.Growthinthecountry’sabilitytoproduceitsexportgoo

8、dsImmiserizinggrowth(figure6.4)ImmiserizinggrowthDefinition:nationaleconomicgrowththat,byexpandingthecountry’swillingnesstotrade,causessuchlargedeclineinthecountry’stermsoftradethatthecou