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1、SATReadingComprehensionTest110mins-7questionsTheextractistakenfromabookwrittensixtyyearsagobyaBritishscientistinwhichheconsiderstherelationshipbetweenscienceandsociety. Thepioneersoftheteachingofscienceimaginedthatits introductionintoeducationwouldremovetheconventionality, artificiality,
2、andbackward-lookingnesswhichwerecharacteristic; ofclassicalstudies,buttheyweregravelydisappointed.So,too,in5 theirtimehadthehumaniststhoughtthatthestudyoftheclassical authorsintheoriginalwouldbanishatoncethedullpedantryand superstitionofmediaevalscholasticism.Theprofessional schoolmaste
3、rwasamatchforbothofthem,andhasalmost managedtomaketheunderstandingofchemicalreactionsasdull10 andasdogmaticanaffairasthereadingofVirgil'sAeneid. Thechiefclaimfortheuseofscienceineducationisthatit teachesachildsomethingabouttheactualuniverseinwhichheis living,inmakinghimacquaintedwithther
4、esultsofscientific15 discovery,andatthesametimeteacheshimhowtothinklogically andinductivelybystudyingscientificmethod.Acertainlimited successhasbeenreachedinthefirstoftheseaims,butpractically noneatallinthesecond.Thoseprivilegedmembersofthe communitywhohavebeenthroughasecondaryorpublicsc
5、hool20 educationmaybeexpectedtoknowsomethingaboutthe elementaryphysicsandchemistryofahundredyearsago,butthey probablyknowhardlymorethananybrightboycanpickupfrom aninterestinwirelessorscientifichobbiesoutofschoolhours. Astothelearningofscientificmethod,thewholethingispalpably25 afarce.Act
6、ually,fortheconvenienceofteachersandthe requirementsoftheexaminationsystem,itisnecessarythatthe pupilsnotonlydonotlearnscientificmethodbutlearnprecisely thereverse,thatis,tobelieveexactlywhattheyaretoldandto reproduceitwhenasked,whetheritseemsnonsensetothemor30 not.Thewayinwhicheducatedp
7、eoplerespondtosuchquackeries asspiritualismorastrology,nottosaymoredangerousonessuch asracialtheoriesorcurrencymyths,showsthatfiftyyearsof educationinthemethodofscienceinBritainorGermanyhas producednovisibleeffectwhatever.Theonlywayoflearningth
