2020版高考英语大一轮复习课时达标32Unit2Robots（含解析）新人教版选修7

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1、课时达标(三十二)Unit2Robots建议时间/35分钟(见学用课时P75)Ⅰ阅读理解A课标话题人与社会·科技发展与信息技术创新体裁说明文词　　数263难度Traditionally,robotshavebeenhard,madeofmetalandotherrigidmaterial.ButateamofscientistsatHarvardUniversityintheUShasmanagedtobuildanentirelysoftrobot—onethatdrawsinspirationfromanoctopus(章鱼)．DescribedinsciencejournalNatu

2、re,the“Octobot”couldpavethewayformoreeffectiveautonomousrobotsthatcouldbeusedinsearch，rescueandexploration.“TheOctobotisaminimalsystemwhichmayserveasafoundationforanewgenerationofcompletelysoft,autonomousrobots，”thestudy'sauthorswrote.Robotsbuiltforprecise,repetitivemovementsinacontrolledenvironme

3、ntdon'tdosowellonroughterrains(地形)orinunpredictableconditions.Andtheyaren'tespeciallysafearoundhumans,becausethey'remadeoutofhardandheavypartsthatcouldbepotentiallydangeroustotheirusers.Soresearchershavebeenworkingonbuildingsoftrobotsfordecades.They'vetakeninspirationfromnature,lookingtoanimalsfro

4、mjellyfishtocockroaches,whichareoftenmadeupofmoreflexiblematter.Butcreatingacompletelysoftrobotremainsachallenge.Evenifengineersbuildasilicone(硅酮)body,it'sstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialparts,suchasasourceofpower.“Althoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsearlystage,itholdsgreatpr

5、omiseforseveralapplications,suchassearchandrescueoperationsandexploration，”BarbaraMazzolaiandVirgilioMattolioftheItalianInstituteofTechnology'sCenterforMicroBioRobotics,wroteinacomment.“Softrobotsmightalsoopenupnewapproachestoimprovingwellnessandqualityoflife.”语篇导读　科学家受到章鱼的启发，制造了软体机器人，本文介绍了这种机器人的研

6、发过程、用处及局限等。1．What'sthespecialfeatureof“Octobot”？A．It'ssoft.B．It'smadeofmetal.C．It'sverysmall.D．Itlookslikeanoctopus.解析A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，“Octobot”是一种可以用作软体机器人基础部件的微型系统，据此可知，“Octobot”的特点是柔软，故选A项。2．What'sthedisadvantageoftraditionalrobots?A．They'rehardtocontrol.B．They'retooheavytomove.C．Theycan'tpr

7、edictconditions.D．Theycan'tbehavewellallthetime.解析D　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，传统机器人无法在崎岖的地形上很好地运行，它们还可能对人造成伤害；据此可推知，传统机器人并非总是运行良好，故选D项。3．OneofthebiggestchallengesistobuildOctobot's________.A．siliconebodyB．complexcomponentsC．