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1、COPYRIGHTNOTICE:NelsonLichtenstein:StateoftheUnion:ACenturyofAmericanLaborispublishedbyPrincetonUniversityPressandcopyrighted,©2002,byPrincetonUniversityPress.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformbyanyelectronicormechanicalmeans(includingphotocopying,recording,orinformati
2、onstorageandretrieval)withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher,exceptforreadingandbrowsingviatheWorldWideWeb.Usersarenotpermittedtomountthisfileonanynetworkservers.ForCOURSEPACKandotherPERMISSIONS,refertoentryonpreviouspage.Formoreinformation,sende-mailtopermissions@pupress.princeton.eduInt
3、roductionTounderstandthegreatcontradictionthatstandsattheheartofAmericandemocracytoday,stopbyyourlocalfast-foodrestaurantnexttimethecravingmovesyou.AtBurgerKingIenjoyedoneofthecombospecials.ThenIpickedupanemploymentapplication.Thefirstthingtonoteisrightatthetop.Undertheheading“EqualEmployment
4、OpportunityEmployer”isaboldandforthrightassertionthat:“Employerdoesnotdiscriminateinemploymentbe-causeofrace,color,sex,religion,nationalorigin,age,disability,mari-talstatus,orliabilityforserviceinthearmedforcesoftheUnitedStates.”1ThisstatementisontheBurgerKingapplicationfortworeasons.First,it
5、isthelawoftheland.In1964,afterdemonstrations,marches,sit-ins,speeches,elections,andmuchlobbying,Congresspassedthe1964CivilRightsAct,whichoutlawedjobdiscriminationonthebasisofrace,creed,religion,orsex.Thereafter,theCongresspassedandpresidentsofbothpartiessignedadditionalstatutorylegis-lationsa
6、feguardingequitabletreatmentregardlessofageordisability.Lawswerealsoenactedthatweredesignedtogeneraterightstoahealthyworkplace,afinanciallysecurepension,andtimeofftohaveachildortakecareofasickrelative.ButthereisasecondreasonwhyBurgerKingmanagementhasputthefederalEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommi
7、ssion(EEOC)statementattheverytopoftheapplication.Americansconsiderworkplacediscriminationonthebasisofraceandreligionandcreedun-American.Fornearlyathirdofacenturywehavehadanationaldebateoverthedefinitionofsuchdiscriminationandtheremedies2intro