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1、SweezyinPerspectiveJOHNBELLAMYFOSTERPaulM.Sweezywas,inthewordsofhiscontemporaryJohnKennethGalbraith,“themostdistinguishedofpresent-dayAmericanMarxists.”1AHarvard-trainedeconomist,hiswritingsspannedsomesevendecadesfromtheearly1930stotheclosingyearsoft
2、hetwentiethcentury.FormorethanhalfacenturyhewascoeditorofMonthlyReview,subtitledAnIndependentSocialistMagazine,whichhefoundedalongwithLeoHubermanin1949.Althoughfirstandforemostaneconomist,Sweezywasalsoasocialscientistinamuchbroadersense.Hisimpactonpo
3、liticalscience,sociology,history,andotherdisciplineswasprofound.Hetooktheen-tireglobeashisfieldofanalysis,helpingtoenlargeourunderstandingofimperialismandofthenecessityofrevolution,particularlyinthethirdworld.OnewayinwhichtoplaceSweezy’senormouscontr
4、ibutioninper-spectiveistorelateittothatofJosephSchumpeter,whoplayedaforma-tiveroleinhisdevelopmentasathinker.SchumpeterhasoftenbeencomparedtoKarlMarxandJohnMaynardKeynesintermsofhisbreadthofvisionandimpactwithineconomics.In1932,SchumpeterlefttheUnive
5、rsityofBonninGermanytotakeapositionatHarvardUniversityintheUnitedStates.Infall1933,inhissecondyearofteach-ingatHarvard,hemetSweezy,whohadobtainedhisBAineconomicsatHarvardin1932,andwasthenreturningfromayearattheLondonSchoolofEconomicstopursueaPhDatHar
6、vard.Despitethewidedi-vergenceintheirpoliticalviews(Schumpeterwasaconservativestrong-lyopposedtotheNewDeal)thetwoimmediatelybecamefastfriends.Fortwoyearsinthemid-1930sSweezywastheteachingassistantinSchumpeter’sfirst-yeargraduatecourseineconomictheory
7、.Sweezyhadbecomeradicalized(notallatoncebutgradually,asheusedtosay)intheearly1930sasaresultofhisstayinLondon,whenhewasintroducedtoMarxismforthefirsttime—andduetohisattemptstograpplewiththesignificanceoftheGreatDepression.Probablybe-causeofthisinteres
8、tinMarxism,hefocusedfromthefirstontheques-tionofmonopolyandoligopoly,andplayedaleadingroleinthedevel-opmentofimperfectcompetitiontheory,constructingthefamousThisistheforewordtoacollectionofPaulSweezy’sessaystranslatedintoBengla,PaulSweezy,Bishshaayan
