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本科毕业论文（20届）某科研实验大楼空调系统节能设计专业：建筑环境与设备工程 目录中英文摘要11建筑概况42工程建设基础资料52.1广州夏季室外气象参数52.2室内设计参数53建筑围护结构63.1围护结构构造及相关系数63.2其他资料64负荷计算74.1外墙和屋面传热冷负荷计算原理74.2外窗的辐射负荷74.2．1瞬变传热得热形成冷负荷74.2.2日射得热形成冷负荷74.3内围护结构的传热冷负荷74.4室内热湿源的散热散湿形成的冷负荷和湿负荷74.4.1人员冷负荷和湿负荷74.4.2照明负冷荷84.4.3电器设备冷负荷84.5计算过程举例85气流组织计算225.1新风量确定225.2气流组织计算225.2.1室内外的空气状态225.2.2空调系统的选择225.2.3新风处理方式的选择225.2.4送风状态的确定和绘制焓湿图225.2.5计算过程举例236空调水系统水力计算346.1水管系统的选择346.2绘制空调系统水系统图346.3供水管水力计算346.3.1绘制轴测图346.3.2最不利管路水力计算356.3.3支路水管水力计算386.3.4水管水力计算表386.3.5阻力平衡计算516.3.6末端装置选型516.4回水管设计526.5冷凝水管设计526.5水泵扬程计算及选型527空调风系统水力计算587.1送风方式及风管规格的选择58 7.2水力计算步骤及相关公式587.3举例计算587.4新风机组及冷水机组的选型598节能比较628.1节能比较的意义628.2节能措施628.2.1提高室内设计参数628.2.2采用大温差小流量的水系统648.2.3采用降膜式冷水机组678.3节能总结67小结68[参考文献]69 本科毕业论文摘要摘要空气调节的意义在于“使空气达到所要求的状态”或“使空气处于正常状态”。据此，一个内部受控的空气环境，一般是指在某一特定空间内，对空气温度、湿度、流动速度及清洁度进行人工调节，以满足人们工作、生活和工艺生产过程的要求。空气调节主要涉及以下内容：内部空间内、外扰量的计算；空气调节的方式和方法；空气的各种处理方法（加热、加湿、冷却、干燥及净化等）；空气的输送与分配及在干扰量变化时的运行调节。当前节能减排是整个社会都非常关注的话题，所以此次为广州市某科研实验大楼设计空调系统时加入节能的理念，在设计时采用一些合适的节能措施来降低整个空调系统的能耗，例如增加室内设计参数和采取大温差小流量的水系统等。除了进行常规空调系统设计所需要的负荷计算、气流组织计算以及各管段的水力计算工作外还加入节能的比较，通过采取节能措施前后数据的对比来体现节能的效果。本次设计中主要做了以下的工作：一，确定了建筑类型、围护结构、广州的夏季室外空气参数和室内的设计参数；二，以东一房间为例，详细讲述房间冷负荷的计算方法并将计算结果一一列表；三，为整幢大楼选择了半集中式、空气水系统的空调系统，新风处理方式为不承担室内冷量，全部散流器送风，然后以东三房间为例，详细讲述了房间内气流组织计算的方法并将各房间气流组织计算的结果列表；四，根据建筑平面图绘制各层的水系统图，同时根据气流组织计算的结果来确定个管段的流量、流速、管径已经管段阻力，然后根据各系统的阻力选择合适的水泵；五，根据气流组织计算的结果确定各风管管段风量和尺寸，选择合适的新风机组，根据系统所需总的冷量选择相应的水冷机组；六，总结在设计中采用的节能措施，同时将节能前后的计算结果进行对比，通过比例来体现节能的效果。[关键词]空调系统；节能设计；大温差小流量；室内设计参数3 本科毕业论文摘要Energy-savingdesignofair-conditioningsysteminaresearchlaboratory[Abstract]Thesignificanceofair-conditioningis"theairtoreachtherequiredstate"or"theairinanormalstate."Accordingly,aninternalcontrolledairenvironment,generallyreferstoaparticularspace,airtemperature,humidity,flowspeedandcleanlinessweremanuallyadjustedtomeetthepeoplework,liveandtechnologicalrequirementsoftheproductionprocess.Air-conditioninginvolvesthefollowingelements:aninternalspace,thecalcul-ationoftheamountofoutsideinterference;waysandmeansofair-conditioning;theairofvariousprocessingmethods(heating,humidification,cooling,dryingandpuri-fication,etc.);airtransportationanddistributionandinInterferewiththeoperationofadjustingtheamountofchange.Thecurrentenergysavingsareveryconcernedaboutthewholetopicofsocial，SothisisaresearchlaboratorycomplexinGuangzhouCity,thedesignbyaddingenergy-savingair-conditioningsystemsconcept，Usedinthedesignofsomeoftheappropriateenergy-savingmeasurestoreducetheenergyconsumptionoftheentireairconditioningsystem，Suchasincreasinginteriordesignparametersandtothelargetemperaturedifferencesmallflowofwatersystems.Inadditiontoconventionalairconditioningsystemneededtoloadcalculation,airdistributioncalculationandcalculationofthehydraulicpipeworkasthecomparisonalsoaddedenergysavingthroughenergyefficiencymeasuresbeforeandaftercomparisonofthedatatoreflecttheenergysavingeffect.Thedesignofthemainworktodothefollowing:First,determinethebuildingt-ype,buildingenvelope,Guangzhou,thesummerindooroutdoorairparametersanddesignparameters;II,eastofaroom,forexample,describeindetailtheroomcoolingloadcalculationMethodsandresultslistonebyone;threeoptionsfortheentirebuil-dingahalf-centralizedairconditioningsystemwatersystem,thenewapproachtonottakethewindcoldroom,allairsupplydiffusers,andtheneastthreeroomsforexamp-le,describesindetailtheroomairdistributionmethodofcalculationandthecalcul-ationofAirflowinthelistofresults;fourlayersaccordingtofloorplandrawingwatersystem,whilecalculationsbasedontheresultsofairflowtodeterminetheflowofapipe,flowrate,pipediameterhaspiperesistance,thenthesystemimpedancechoose3 本科毕业论文摘要therightpump;five,accordingtoairflowcalculationresultstodeterminethewindpipesectionairvolumeandsize,choosetherightnewairunit,thesystemrequiredto-talcoldSelecttheappropriateamountofwater-cooledunits;six,summarizedintheenergy-savingmeasuresadoptedinthedesign,whilesavingthecalculationresultsw-erecomparedbeforeandafter,throughtheratiotoreflecttheeffectofenergysaving.[KeyWords]Air-conditioningsystem;Energy-savingdesign;Smallflowlargetemperaturedifference;Interiordesignparameters3本科毕业论文正文朗读显示对应的拉丁字符的拼音3 本科毕业论文正文1建筑概况本建筑为广州市某科研实验大楼，抗震设防烈度为8度，一级耐火等级，结构体系为框架筒体。本建筑共五层，一至三层主要是办公室；四层和五层主要以各种生化实验室为主。该建筑类型为：甲类建筑城市：广州(北纬=23°03，东经=113°19)气候分区：夏热冬暖区[1]建筑名称：科研实验大楼建筑结构类型：框架筒体体形系数：0.18建筑面积：21755m2建筑总体积：76142.5m3建筑表面积：13398.5m2建筑层数：五层建筑物高度：17.5m3 本科毕业论文正文2工程建设基础资料2.1广州夏季室外气象参数大气压为：100450Pa,空调室外干球温度为：33.5℃，室外相对湿度：63%空调室外湿球温度为：27.7℃。地表面年平均温度为：24.6℃。室外空气年平均温度为：21.8℃，2.2室内设计参数该科研实验大楼下面三层是办公室，四层和五层主要以生化实验室为主，均按照舒适性空调进行设计。舒适性空调室内空气计算参数[2]：温度（夏季）24~28℃，相对湿度（夏季）40~65%。一般常规空调设计采用的室内设计参数为：温度26℃，相对湿度50%，因为是节能设计，所以提高室内的空气设计参数，设计室内温度：28℃，相对湿度为60%。60 本科毕业论文正文3建筑围护结构3.1围护结构构造及相关系数[2]根据节能规范广州为夏热冬暖地区，综合考虑建筑技术要求、公共建筑节能规范及相关国家规范标准要求:屋顶类型：5mm的防水层加小豆石+20mm水泥砂浆找平层+70mm水泥膨胀珍珠岩保温层+120mm现浇钢筋混凝土结构层+15mm内粉刷；，衰减系数，衰减度，延迟时间。外墙类型：20mm水泥砂浆抹灰加浅色喷浆+240砖墙+40mm水泥膨胀珍珠岩保温层+20mm内粉刷加油漆；，衰减系数，衰减度，延迟时间。内墙和楼板类型：内墙为120mm砖墙，内外粉刷，楼板为80mm现浇钢筋混凝土，上铺水磨石预制块和砂浆找平层，下面粉刷；邻室和楼下房间均为空调房间，室温均相同，且内墙的放热衰减度，楼板的放热衰减度之间，房间类型为中型。窗户类型：单层玻璃钢窗，挂浅色内窗帘，无外遮阳，玻璃类型为标准玻璃，窗户，内遮阳系数，有效面积系数。3.2其他资料（1）人数：按照实用制冷与空调工程手册、实用供热空调设计手册及相关国家规范标准要求确定。（2）照明、设备：按照实用制冷与空调工程手册、实用供热空调设计手册及相关国家规范标准要求确定。（3）空调使用时间：功能房间空调每天8：00-18：00使用，使用时间为10个小时。60 本科毕业论文正文4负荷计算4.1外墙和屋面传热冷负荷计算原理(4.1)式中——通过外墙和屋面的得热量所形成的冷负荷（W）；K——外墙和屋面的传热系数[W/（m2·℃）]；F——外墙和屋面的面积（m2）；——广州市围护结构负荷温差的逐时值,对于外墙、架空楼板，可查附录2-10[1]；对于屋面，可查附录2-11[1],℃；4.2外窗的辐射负荷4.2．1瞬变传热得热形成冷负荷由室内外温差引起的瞬变传热得热形成的冷负荷（W）(4.2)K——窗户玻璃的传热系数[W/（m2·℃）]；F——窗户的面积（m2）；——各计算时刻的负荷温差，可查附录2-12[1]（℃）；4.2.2日射得热形成冷负荷(4.3)——窗的有效面积系数，单层钢窗0.85；——地点修正系数，广州市1；——窗内遮阳设施的遮阳系数，浅色内窗帘0.5；——窗玻璃的遮挡系数，标准玻璃1；F——窗户的面积（m2）；——计算时刻下，透过有内遮阳设施窗玻璃太阳辐射的冷负荷强度，附录2-13[2]W/m2；4.3内围护结构的传热冷负荷所有的房间的室内设计温度均为28℃，所以不考虑相邻房间之间通过内墙的传热和上下层之间通过楼板的传热。4.4室内热湿源的散热散湿形成的冷负荷和湿负荷4.4.1人员冷负荷和湿负荷根据室内设计温度28℃和办公室轻度劳动条件查表2-18[2]表得：显热51W/人，潜热83W/人，湿量123。人员散热量：(4.4)人体散热引起的冷负荷：60 本科毕业论文正文(4.5)人体散湿引起的湿负荷：(4.6)式中：——人体全热散热量，W/人；——计算时刻空调区内的总人数；——人体负荷强度系数，可查附录2-16[2]；——人体散湿量，；4.4.2照明负冷荷照明冷负荷（W），按下式计算：(4.7)式中n——同时使用系数，取0.8；N——灯具安装功率，房间面积与功率密度的乘积，功率密度普通办公室取11W/m2；——时间照明散热的冷负荷系数，可查附录2-15[2]；4.4.3电器设备冷负荷电器设备的散热量：(4.8)——室内面积，——电器设备的功率密度，普通办公室取40。设备显热散热形成的计算时刻冷负荷（W），可按下式计算：(4.9)式中T——设备投入使用的时刻，h——从热源投入使用的时刻算起到计算时刻的持续时间，h——时间设备、器具散热的冷负荷系数，可查附录2-14[2]4.5计算过程举例以首层东1——消防控制中心为例：设计室内温度t=281,相对湿度=605%，面积F=71.95，室内外温差=6。人体显热=51w，人体潜热=83w，人体散湿123g/(h*人)表4-1首层东1房间东外墙逐时冷负荷（W）计算时刻t△tτ-εKFQτ8:0081.1722.8213.4089:0081.1722.8213.40810:0071.1722.8186.73211:0071.1722.8186.73212:0081.1722.8213.40813:0081.1722.8213.40814:0091.1722.8240.08415:0091.1722.8240.08416:00101.1722.8266.76060 本科毕业论文正文续表4-1计算时刻t△tτ-εKFQτ17:00101.1722.8266.76018:00101.1722.8266.760表4-2首层东1房间窗户瞬时传热冷负荷（W）计算时刻t△tτ-εKFQτ8:002.404.541.3514.719:003.204.541.3519.6110:004.004.541.3524.5211:004.704.541.3528.8112:005.404.541.3533.1013:005.904.541.3536.1614:006.304.541.3538.6115:006.604.541.3540.4516:006.704.541.3541.0617:006.504.541.3539.8418:006.204.541.3538.00表4-3首层东1房间窗户日射得热冷负荷（W）计算时刻tF8:002881.350.8510.5165.249:003071.350.8510.5176.1410:002761.350.8510.5158.3611:002071.350.8510.5118.7712:002541.350.8510.5145.7313:001411.350.8510.580.9014:001291.350.8510.574.0115:001151.350.8510.565.9816:00981.350.8510.556.2317:00771.350.8510.544.1818:00551.350.8510.531.56表4-4首层东1房间设备冷负荷（W）计算时刻t8:0028780.5816699:0028780.77221610:0028780.81233111:0028780.84241812:0028780.87250413:0028780.89256114:0028780.90259015:0028780.92264816:0028780.37106560 本科毕业论文正文续表4-4计算时刻t17:0028780.1954618:0028780.15431表4-5首层东1房间照明冷负荷（W）计算时刻t8:00633.160.0531.6589:00633.160.39246.93210:00633.160.60379.89611:00633.160.68430.54912:00633.160.73462.20713:00633.160.78493.86514:00633.160.81512.86015:00633.160.84531.85416:00633.160.87550.84917:00633.160.89563.51218:00633.160.90569.844表4-6首层东1房间人员冷负荷（W）计算时刻tn显热总显热潜热总潜热8:004510.59120.483332452.369:004510.77157.183332489.0810:004510.81165.283332497.2411:004510.85173.483332505.4012:004510.87177.583332509.4813:004510.89181.683332513.5614:004510.91185.683332517.6415:004510.93189.783332521.7216:004510.94191.883332523.7617:004510.95193.883332525.8018:004510.95193.883332525.80表4-7首层东1房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:00213.414.7165.21669.231.6452.42546.69:00213.419.6176.12216.1246.9489.13361.210:00186.724.5158.42331.2379.9497.23577.911:00186.728.8118.82417.5430.5505.43687.812:00213.433.1145.72503.9462.2509.53867.813:00213.436.280.92561.4493.9513.63899.314:00240.138.674.02590.2512.9517.63973.460 本科毕业论文正文续表4-7计算时刻t汇总15:00240.140.565.92647.8531.9521.74047.916:00266.841.156.21064.9550.8523.72503.517:00266.839.844.1546.8563.5525.81986.918:00266.838.031.5431.7569.8525.81863.7首层其他房间的冷负荷计算表：表4-8首层东2房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:00000381.27.2113.1501.59:00000506.056.4122.3684.710:00000532.386.8124.3743.411:00000552.098.3126.4776.712:00000571.8105.5127.4804.713:00000584.9112.8128.4826.114:00000591.5117.1129.4838.015:00000604.6121.5130.4856.516:00000243.2125.8130.9499.917:00000124.9128.7131.5385.018:0000098.6130.1131.5360.2表4-9首层东3房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:00374.944.1495.73799.072.11357.16142.89:00374.958.8528.45043.5562.01467.28034.910:00328.073.5475.15305.5864.61491.78538.411:00328.086.4356.35502.0979.91516.28768.812:00374.999.3437.25698.51051.91528.49190.213:00374.9108.5242.75829.51124.01540.79220.214:00421.7115.8222.05895.01167.21552.99374.715:00421.7121.4197.96026.01210.41565.29542.616:00468.6123.2168.72423.51253.71571.36008.917:00468.6119.5132.51244.51282.51577.44825.018:00468.6114.094.7982.51296.91577.44534.1表4-10首层南1房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:000001436.127.2452.41915.79:000001906.5212.4489.12608.010:000002005.6326.7497.22829.511:000002079.8370.3505.42955.560 本科毕业论文正文续表4-10计算时刻t汇总12:000002154.1397.5509.53061.113:000002203.6424.7513.63141.914:000002228.4441.1517.63187.115:000002277.9457.4521.73257.116:00000916.1473.8523.81913.617:00000470.4484.6525.81480.918:00000371.4490.1525.81387.3表4-11首层南2房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:00194.6119.3195.52076.439.4678.53303.79:00194.6159.1269.92756.6307.2733.64421.010:00162.2198.9330.42899.8472.6745.94809.711:00162.2233.7377.03007.2535.6758.15073.712:00162.2268.5409.53114.6575.0764.25294.013:00162.2293.3418.83186.2614.4770.35445.214:00162.2313.2404.93222.0638.0776.55516.715:00162.2328.1372.33293.6661.6782.65600.416:00162.2333.1325.81324.6685.3785.63616.517:00194.6323.1246.6680.2701.0788.72934.318:00194.6308.2162.9537.0708.9788.72700.3表4-12首层南3房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:00108.8126.7207.51438.427.3452.42361.09:00108.8168.9286.61909.6212.8489.13175.710:0090.7211.1350.82008.8327.4497.23486.011:0090.7248.1400.22083.2371.0505.43698.512:0090.7285.0434.82157.6398.3509.53875.813:0090.7311.4444.72207.2425.6513.63993.014:0090.7332.5429.82232.0441.9517.64044.615:0090.7348.3395.32281.6458.3521.74095.916:0090.7353.6345.8917.6474.7523.82706.217:00108.8343.1261.9471.2485.6525.82196.318:00108.8327.2172.9372.0491.0525.81997.8表4-13首层南4房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:0045.653.187.0600.911.4226.21024.29:0045.670.8120.2797.789.0244.51367.860 本科毕业论文正文续表4-13计算时刻t汇总10:0038.088.5147.1839.2136.9248.61498.311:0038.0104.0167.8870.2155.1252.71587.912:0038.0119.5182.3901.3166.5254.71662.413:0038.0130.6186.5922.0177.9256.81711.814:0038.0139.4180.3932.4184.8258.81733.715:0038.0146.1165.8953.1191.6260.91755.416:0038.0148.3145.0383.3198.4261.91175.017:0045.6143.9109.8196.8203.0262.9962.018:0045.6137.272.5155.4205.3262.9879.0表4-14首层西1房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:00643.973.5140.65896.3111.82261.89127.99:00643.998.1183.67827.8872.22445.412071.010:00572.4122.6218.08234.51341.92486.212975.511:00572.4144.0243.88539.41520.82527.013547.512:00572.4165.5261.18844.41632.62547.414023.313:00500.8180.8393.09047.71744.42567.814434.614:00500.8193.1639.79149.41811.52588.214882.715:00500.8202.3840.59352.71878.62608.615383.516:00500.8205.3926.63761.41945.72618.89958.717:00572.4199.2860.61931.51990.42629.08183.118:00572.4190.0631.11524.92012.82629.07560.2表4-15首层西2房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:00411.258.8112.53859.373.21357.15872.19:00411.278.5146.95123.6571.01467.27798.310:00365.598.1174.45389.7878.41491.78397.911:00365.5115.2195.15589.4995.61516.28776.912:00365.5132.4208.85789.01068.81528.49092.913:00319.8144.6314.45922.11142.01540.79383.614:00319.8154.5511.85988.61185.91552.99713.515:00319.8161.8672.46121.71229.81565.210070.716:00319.8164.3741.32462.01273.71571.36532.417:00365.5159.4688.51264.31303.01577.45358.018:00365.5152.0504.9998.11317.71577.44915.660 本科毕业论文正文表4-16首层北1房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:00301.4300.7750.75518.1104.61583.38558.99:00258.3401.0821.17325.8816.31711.811334.210:00258.3501.2903.27706.31255.81740.312365.211:00258.3588.91008.87991.81423.21768.913039.912:00258.3676.61067.48277.21527.91783.213590.713:00258.3739.31090.98467.51632.51797.513986.014:00258.3789.41055.78562.61695.31811.714173.115:00258.3827.01008.88752.91758.11826.014431.116:00258.3839.5997.13520.21820.91833.29269.217:00258.3814.5985.31807.71862.81840.37568.918:00301.4776.9809.41427.11883.71840.37038.7表4-17首层北2房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:00250.6250.1624.25005.494.91357.17582.39:00214.8333.4682.86645.1740.41467.210083.710:00214.8416.8751.06990.31139.11491.711003.711:00214.8489.7838.87249.21290.91516.211599.712:00214.8562.6887.67508.11385.81528.412087.413:00214.8614.7907.17680.71480.81540.712438.814:00214.8656.4877.87767.01537.71552.912606.715:00214.8687.7838.87939.61594.71565.212840.716:00214.8698.1829.13193.11651.61571.38158.017:00214.8677.3819.31639.71689.61577.46618.118:00250.6646.0673.01294.51708.61577.46150.1表4-18首层北3房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:0060.660.5151.0157.812.0113.1554.99:0051.980.6165.1209.493.4122.3722.810:0051.9100.8181.6220.3143.6124.3822.611:0051.9118.4202.9228.5162.8126.4890.812:0051.9136.1214.6236.6174.7127.4941.413:0051.9148.7219.4242.1186.7128.4977.114:0051.9158.7212.3244.8193.9129.4991.115:0051.9166.3202.9250.2201.1130.41002.816:0051.9168.8200.5100.6208.2130.9861.117:0051.9163.8198.151.7213.0131.5810.018:0060.6156.2162.840.8215.4131.5767.360 本科毕业论文正文表4-19首层北4房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:00119.6119.3297.82388.445.3904.73875.29:00102.5159.1325.83170.9353.3978.25089.610:00102.5198.9358.33335.6543.5994.55533.211:00102.5233.7400.23459.1615.91010.85822.212:00102.5268.5423.53582.7661.21019.06057.313:00102.5293.3432.83665.0706.51027.16227.214:00102.5313.2418.83706.2733.71035.36309.715:00102.5328.1400.23788.6760.91043.46423.716:00102.5333.1395.61523.7788.01047.54190.317:00102.5323.1390.9782.4806.11051.63456.718:00119.6308.2321.1617.7815.21021.23203.0表4-20首层北5房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:00452.5248.4620.27295.2138.342261.811016.49:00387.9331.2678.39685.01079.12445.414606.910:00387.9414.0746.110188.21660.12486.215882.611:00387.9486.5833.310565.51881.52527.016681.712:00387.9559.0881.810942.92019.82547.417338.713:00387.9610.7901.211194.42158.22567.817820.214:00387.9652.1872.111320.22241.22588.218061.715:00387.9683.2833.311571.82324.22608.618408.916:00387.9693.5823.74653.82407.22618.811584.917:00387.9672.8814.02389.82462.62629.09356.018:00452.5641.8668.61886.72490.22629.08768.860 本科毕业论文正文表4-21首层各房间冷负荷汇总计算时刻东1东2东3南1南1*4南2南2*2南3南3*2南48:002424.4501.56142.81915.77662.73303.76607.42361.04722.01024.29:003220.7684.78034.92608.010431.94421.08842.13175.76351.41367.810:003433.4743.48538.42829.511318.14809.79619.43486.06971.91498.311:003539.2776.78768.82955.511822.15073.710147.43698.57397.11587.912:003717.1804.79190.23061.112244.55294.010587.93875.87751.61662.413:003746.6826.19220.23141.912567.85445.210890.53993.07986.11711.814:003818.7838.09374.73187.112748.55516.711033.44044.68089.21733.715:003891.1856.59542.63257.113028.25600.411200.84095.98191.81755.416:002345.8499.96008.91913.67654.53616.57233.02706.25412.31175.017:001828.1385.04825.01480.95923.52934.35868.62196.34392.6962.018:001704.9360.24534.11387.35549.22700.35400.61997.83995.6879.0计算时刻南4*2西1西2北1北2北3北4北5汇总8:002048.59127.95872.18558.97582.3554.93875.211016.576697.19:002735.712071.07798.311334.210083.7722.85089.614607.0102008.010:002996.612975.58397.912365.211003.7822.65533.215882.6110602.011:003175.813547.58776.913039.911599.7890.85822.216681.8115985.912:003324.914023.39092.913590.712087.4941.46057.317338.8120752.713:003423.614434.69383.613986.012438.8977.16227.217820.2123928.414:003467.414882.79713.514173.112606.7991.16309.718061.7126108.415:003510.915383.510070.714431.112840.71002.86423.718409.0128783.516:002350.09958.76532.49269.28158.0861.14190.311585.082059.017:001924.18183.15358.07568.96618.1810.03456.79356.166497.918:001757.97560.24915.67038.76150.1767.33203.08768.961706.160 本科毕业论文正文表4-22二层各房间冷负荷汇总计算时刻东1东2东3东4南1南1*2南2+5南(2+5)*2南3南3*4南4南4*28:004565.33898.73680.24995.92141.44282.82000.94001.72250.29000.72345.94691.89:005169.25313.64511.96214.42851.95703.82689.95379.83017.712070.73156.36312.610:005049.45766.74597.66499.83077.56155.02909.55819.03311.013244.03463.66927.211:004576.36024.14405.46477.93207.66415.13035.36070.63513.014052.03673.37346.612:005140.66240.04810.87024.13315.26630.33140.06279.93681.314725.13848.27696.513:004235.46405.24335.46628.13398.06796.03220.46440.73792.315169.13964.27928.514:004225.96497.44359.46675.23445.26890.43265.86531.63840.915363.64015.68031.115:004168.16640.44373.36680.33517.27034.43335.56671.03888.415553.84067.48134.816:003473.13891.62972.74841.32175.24350.42018.24036.52588.910355.82679.95359.817:003082.53006.12422.44053.81743.63487.31594.33188.62110.28441.02172.74345.518:002819.72814.62199.13642.51650.13300.11502.53004.91921.37685.11977.73955.3计算时刻西1西2西3西4西5西6西7北1北2北3北3*2汇总8:003958.72281.81978.27133.63351.56300.33762.717529.54967.67845.515691.0106071.99:005211.23010.72589.98260.24521.27265.74328.223174.26572.710306.720613.4136223.510:005762.23291.82825.88687.34894.47600.34522.725240.87172.511207.522415.1146471.611:006175.83487.62991.28996.15107.77806.24643.426581.87566.911795.123590.1152315.012:006513.13649.63127.69207.65285.67933.84717.927676.37888.612272.924545.9159093.313:007086.33966.73396.59595.15422.18051.14786.428466.58119.012618.225236.5162064.414:007933.04472.73827.210226.25499.08139.74838.628847.38227.412785.325570.6166156.515:008626.24912.14200.710765.95617.38238.84896.729376.78376.113016.026032.1170298.416:007120.03903.63371.910413.93371.77722.34601.618896.05395.48489.016978.0121055.417:006257.63416.42966.910154.02648.87579.84520.615451.94412.67001.414002.7103438.518:005256.02905.32533.69621.82492.37547.54502.114407.54102.16546.913093.795883.460 本科毕业论文正文表4-23三层各房间冷负荷汇总计算时刻东1东2东2*3东3南1南1*6西1西2西2*28:006466.92357.57072.49751.23766.722600.16872.03762.77525.49:007922.83164.89494.312283.25047.730286.39161.44328.28656.310:008080.43421.910265.712811.15504.433026.410068.04522.79045.311:007760.43569.410708.112683.65800.334801.610709.94643.49286.812:008456.73691.911075.813709.86046.536278.711243.64717.99435.813:007651.23786.111358.412894.76217.337304.112009.14786.49572.914:007695.13839.411518.212996.16299.937799.613072.14838.69677.215:007722.93921.111763.313063.46399.538396.813986.74896.79793.416:005279.42380.57141.48835.34123.624741.310618.84601.69203.117:004323.91884.75654.07178.13330.719984.39112.34520.69041.118:003939.41777.35331.96474.73073.718442.27838.64502.19004.1计算时刻西3西4北1北2北2*3北3北4汇总8:006300.34266.96271.17640.822922.34047.14901.3108997.09:007265.75610.68216.510010.330030.85333.46481.9140743.310:007600.36128.58919.910881.232643.75802.07072.3151463.711:007806.26490.39376.011452.334356.86105.77460.5157545.912:007933.86789.19746.611915.935747.86353.37777.0164548.113:008051.17375.510015.812250.536751.56532.58003.8167520.314:008139.78312.410148.012411.837235.46619.58110.5171324.015:008238.89125.610331.712633.337900.06740.58257.0175320.016:007722.37282.06765.98294.524883.54362.65323.7122159.417:007579.86387.85596.56867.720603.23581.94356.6103399.518:007547.55443.05247.06426.319279.03346.74051.395945.160 本科毕业论文正文表4-24四层各房间冷负荷汇总计算时刻东1东2东2*3东3南1南1*2南2南2*6西18:006466.92357.57072.49751.27530.015060.13766.722600.16872.09:007922.83164.89494.312283.210090.620181.35047.730286.39161.410:008080.43421.910265.712811.111003.522007.15504.433026.410068.011:007760.43569.410708.112683.611595.023190.05800.334801.610709.912:008456.73691.911075.813709.812087.124174.36046.536278.711243.613:007651.23786.111358.412894.712428.724857.56217.337304.112009.114:007695.13839.411518.212996.112593.825187.76299.937799.613072.115:007722.93921.111763.313063.412792.725585.56399.538396.813986.716:005279.42380.57141.48835.38244.016487.94123.624741.310618.817:004323.91884.75654.07178.16659.313318.53330.719984.39112.318:003939.41777.35331.96474.76145.412290.93073.718442.27838.6计算时刻西2西2*2西3西4北1北2北2*7北3汇总8:003762.77525.46300.34266.95059.04047.128329.74901.3124205.29:004328.28656.37265.75610.66369.65333.437333.96481.9161047.410:004522.79045.37600.36128.56939.35802.040613.77072.3173658.211:004643.49286.87806.26490.37294.56105.742740.27460.5180932.112:004717.99435.87933.86789.17565.36353.344473.27777.0188913.113:004786.49572.98051.17375.57767.66532.545727.38003.8192573.014:004838.69677.28139.78312.47865.96619.546336.58110.5196711.015:004896.79793.48238.89125.67982.76740.547183.38257.0201099.316:004601.69203.17722.37282.06224.74362.630538.25323.7139398.317:004520.69041.17579.86387.85646.63581.925073.04356.6117656.018:004502.19004.17547.55443.05428.63346.723426.64051.3109218.560 本科毕业论文正文表4-25五层各房间冷负荷汇总计算时刻东1东2东2*3东3南1南1*2南2南2*6西18:007532.53081.59244.611800.79594.219188.44798.828792.58373.89:008870.03808.411425.214148.411925.423850.95965.135790.710391.310:009027.74065.512196.614680.412838.325676.76421.838530.811248.511:008826.14293.412880.314759.613659.127318.36832.340994.012028.712:009759.14576.913730.816193.014610.029220.07307.943847.312881.913:009190.54832.014496.115785.115410.330820.67708.146248.713981.614:009589.65126.715380.016496.316263.432526.98134.748808.415569.215:009972.55449.716349.217173.517150.434300.88578.351469.817014.116:007765.94070.012210.013351.513060.326120.66531.739190.414165.117:007047.23735.111205.412100.511934.323868.65968.235809.413086.618:006899.53788.611365.911802.311879.223758.45940.635643.412211.4计算时刻西2西3西4北1北2北2*7北3汇总8:006317.91325.76962.47825.15251.236758.46215.6150337.69:007798.31651.48613.59614.56450.745154.67612.8184921.710:008398.21767.59265.010329.56931.448520.18180.5197821.611:008944.31870.39847.110976.07366.551565.28706.6208716.612:009563.51999.210507.411723.77868.855081.49311.0223818.413:0010433.52115.211392.312368.28301.358108.99825.6234766.214:0011749.02249.212698.413059.08764.061348.310369.0249843.315:0012964.32396.313920.813803.09262.264835.310952.1265151.516:0010810.71764.611409.610509.07056.149392.68308.8204998.817:0010034.21611.010549.59678.36499.345495.47632.9188119.018:009398.51635.59956.29693.56507.745553.97619.7185538.260 本科毕业论文正文表4-26所有房间冷负荷汇总计算时刻首层二层三层四层五层汇总参差系数汇总8:0076697.1106071.9108997.0124205.2150337.6566308.80.8453047.09:00102008.0136223.5140743.3161047.4184921.7724943.80.8579955.010:00110602.0146471.6151463.7173658.2197821.6780017.10.8624013.711:00115985.9152315.0157545.9180932.1208716.6815495.50.8652396.412:00120752.7159093.3164548.1188913.1223818.4857125.60.8685700.513:00123928.4162064.4167520.3192573.0234766.2880852.30.8704681.914:00126108.4166156.5171324.0196711.0249843.3910143.10.8728114.515:00128783.5170298.4175320.0201099.3265151.5940652.80.8752522.216:0082059.0121055.4122159.4139398.3204998.8669670.90.8535736.717:0066497.9103438.5103399.5117656.0188119.0579110.90.8463288.718:0061706.195883.495945.1109218.5185538.2548291.20.8438633.060 本科毕业论文正文5气流组织计算5.1新风量确定空调系统的新风量是指冬夏季设计工况下应向空调房间提供的室外新鲜空气量,它的大小与室内空气品质和能量消耗有关.一般原则为:a.满足卫生要求:一般是以稀释室内产生的CO2,使室内CO2浓度不超过1000ppm(L/m3)为基准。b.补充局部排风量：当空调房间内有排风柜等局部排风装置时，为了不使房间产生负压，在系统中必须有相应的新风量来补偿排风量。c.保证空调房间的正压要求，为了防止外界未经处理的空气渗入空调房间，干扰室内空气参数，在空调系统中利用一定量的新风来保持房间的正压（室内空气压力＞房间周围的压力）。d.在实际工程中，新风量也可按总送风量的百分数来设计，一般规定不小于10％。在实际的计算中取满足上述条件的最大值。5.2气流组织计算5.2.1室内外的空气状态查资料可得：广州夏季室外计算干球温度为33.5℃，夏季室外计算湿球温度为27.7℃。舒适性空调室内空气计算参数：温度（夏季）24~28℃，相对湿度（夏季）40~65%。因为是节能设计，所以相比较常规的空调系统设计，提高室内的空气设计参数，设计室内温度：28℃，相对湿度为60%。5.2.2空调系统的选择考虑到该建筑的房间多、层数多，采用半集中式空调系统：同时使用空气和水以负担室内的热湿负荷，集中输送的不妨为热湿处理后的新鲜空气，而室内则分散设置由冷冻水直接换热的风机盘管。5.2.3新风处理方式的选择设计采用具有独立新风系统的风机盘管机组，新风处理到室内空气的焓值，不承担室内的负荷，新风不进入风机盘管。5.2.4送风状态的确定和绘制焓湿图在h-d图上，根据、和、确定室内空气状态点N和室外空气状态点W，过N点的等焓线与相对湿度线相交，得新风处理后的机器露点L，通过点N画出热湿比线，与相对湿度线相交，即得送风状态点O，如图1，连接L、O两点并延长到M点，使式中GW——新风量，kg/s；GF——风机盘管的风量，kg/s；60 本科毕业论文正文ON100%90%MεLhnφntntwtoφwW图5.1空气处理方案h-d图5.2.5计算过程举例表5-1首层东3房间冷负荷汇总（W）计算时刻t汇总8:00374.944.1495.73799.072.01357.16142.89:00374.958.8528.45043.5561.91467.28034.810:00328.073.5475.05305.5864.61491.78538.411:00328.086.4356.35502.0979.81516.28768.812:00374.999.3437.25698.51051.91528.49190.213:00374.9108.5242.75829.51124.01540.79220.214:00421.7115.8222.05895.01167.21552.99374.715:00421.7121.4197.96026.01210.41565.29542.616:00468.6123.2168.62423.51253.71571.36008.917:00468.6119.5132.51244.51282.51577.44825.018:00468.6114.094.669982.51296.91577.44534.05由上表可知，最大冷负荷出现在下午15点，最大冷负荷负荷为Q=9542.62W,室内人数为设定为12人，人员散湿量为123g/h·人，房间的总湿负荷W=1476g/h，计算该房间的热湿比:在h-d图上，根据、和、确定室内空气状态点N和室外空气状态点W，过N点的等焓线与相对湿度线相交，得新风处理后的机器露点L，通过点N画出热湿比线，令，按23:1的比例求出，将的等湿线与的等焓线的交点与N点的连线，即符合的热湿比线，延长与相对湿度线相交，得出送风状态点O。从h-d图中查出各点参数:60 本科毕业论文正文将和代入公式，校核送风温差：在6～10℃范围内，故满足要求。按消除余热：按消除余湿：按消除余热和余湿所求的通风量基本相同，说明计算无误。计算送风量：计算换气次数：取n=6次/h，满足要求。最小新风量按满足卫生要求所需的新风量来取：最小新风量:二者比较取大值：风机盘管处理的风量：60 本科毕业论文正文风机盘管出口空气的焓值：风机盘管承担的冷量：新风机组承担的冷量：首层东3房间两边长分别为13.1m和12.5m，房间面积为163.75m2,房间高度为3.5m，房间内的送风量为3240m3/h，采用径向贴附散流器平送。按12个散流器布置，水平射程分别为1.56m和2.18m，平均取1.87m，垂直射程。每个散流器的送风量为：假设散流器的出风速度则：确定散流器风口尺寸为140mm*140mm=0.0196m2风口的当量直径：根据查的散流器的特征系数，。根据和查得K1=0.45计算工作区流速：满足要求。60 本科毕业论文正文计算工作区温差：也满足要求。贴附长度校核计算：满足要求。其他各层房间气流组织计算结果如下：注：相同的房间不重复计算.表5-2各房间气流组织计算表-1房间号首层东1首层东2首层东3首层南1首层南2冷负荷W3985.962856.50469542.6243257.0575600.398湿负荷g/h4921231476492738热湿比2916525068232752383231707hnkj/kg干空气64.264.264.264.264.2hokj/kg干空气56.856.456.256.356.9送分温差℃6.97.17.27.16.8风量m3/h1939329357812062301换气次数76668人数411246新风量m3/h193.932.9360120.6230.1风机盘管冷量kw3.9850.8569.5423.2575.6新风冷量kw3.2190.5465.97623.82开间m10.455.312.511.0511.05进深m6.93.113.15.67.9高m3.53.53.53.53.5送风速度m/s55555风口个数611255风口面积m20.0180.0180.0160.0130.026当量直径m0.1510.150.1440.130.181风口尺寸(mm)140140140120160140140140120160工作区流速m/s0.130.120.120.110.15工作区温差℃0.170.150.160.170.260 本科毕业论文正文表5-3各房间气流组织计算表-2房间号首层南3首层南4首层西1首层西2首层北1冷负荷W4095.8811755.4315383.5410070.7114431.14湿负荷g/h492246246014761722热湿比2997025689225122456330170hnkj/kg干空气64.264.264.264.264.2hokj/kg干空气56.856.556.156.456.8送分温差℃6.97.17.27.16.9风量m3/h1660684569838735850换气次数87776人数42201214新风量m3/h16668.4600387.3585风机盘管冷量kw4.0961.75515.38310.0714.431新风冷量kw2.75561.1359.966.4299.711开间m7.753.2519.412.518.4进深m8.18.113.113.114.1高m3.53.53.53.53.5送风速度m/s55555风口个数32181214风口面积m20.030.0190.0180.0180.023当量直径m0.1980.160.150.150.17风口尺寸(mm)180140140140160180140140140160工作区流速m/s0.150.130.120.120.13工作区温差℃0.210.190.180.170.18表5-4各房间气流组织计算表-3房间号首层北2首层北3首层北4首层北5二层东1冷负荷W12840.741002.8336423.67918408.9925169.169湿负荷g/h14761239842460984热湿比3131929351235012693918908hnkj/kg干空气64.264.264.264.264.2hokj/kg干空气56.856.856.356.655.9送分温差℃6.96.97.177.3风量m3/h5206407243972671868换气次数75775人数1218208新风量m3/h520.640.7243.9726.7240风机盘管冷量kw12.841.0036.42418.4095.169新风冷量kw8.6420.67564.04912.063.984开间m15.33.77.321.613.75进深m14.18.114.114.17.8高m3.53.53.53.53.5送风速度m/s5555560 本科毕业论文正文续表5-4房间号首层北2首层北3首层北4首层北5二层东1风口个数1216184风口面积m20.0240.0220.0170.0220.026当量直径m0.180.170.150.170.18风口尺寸(mm)160160140160160160160140160160工作区流速m/s0.130.130.110.130.12工作区温差℃0.180.170.150.170.16表5-5各房间气流组织计算表-4房间号二层东2二层东3二层东4二层南1二层南2冷负荷W6640.3574810.7977024.1183445.2211181.158湿负荷g/h984492738738246热湿比2429435201342631680617285hnkj/kg干空气64.264.264.264.264.2hokj/kg干空气56.356.956.955.855.8送分温差℃7.16.86.87.47.4风量m3/h2521197728871230422换气次数59966人数84662新风量m3/h252.1197.7288.718060风机盘管冷量kw6.644.817.0243.4451.181新风冷量kw4.1853.2824.7922.9880.996开间m167.911.111.055.95进深m8.97.88.15.63.5高m3.53.53.53.53.5送风速度m/s55555风口个数44531风口面积m20.0350.0270.0320.0230.023当量直径m0.210.190.20.170.17风口尺寸(mm)200180180160160200180180160160工作区流速m/s0.150.150.160.120.12工作区温差℃0.20.20.220.170.17表5-6各房间气流组织计算表-5房间号二层南3二层南4二层南5二层西1二层西2冷负荷W3888.4454067.4222154.338626.2094912.062湿负荷g/h492492369738492热湿比2845229762209304207935942hnkj/kg干空气64.264.264.264.264.2hokj/kg干空气56.856.8565756.9送分温差℃6.96.97.36.76.8风量m3/h157616497883594201960 本科毕业论文正文续表5-6房间号二层南3二层南4二层南5二层西1二层西2换气次数886119人数44464新风量m3/h157.6164.9120359.4201.9风机盘管冷量kw3.8884.3282.1548.6264.912新风冷量kw2.6162.7371.9925.9663.35开间m7.37.47.911.17.9进深m8.18.15.058.17.8高m3.53.53.53.53.5送风速度m/s55555风口个数34253风口面积m20.0290.0230.0220.040.037当量直径m0.190.170.170.230.22风口尺寸(mm)180160160200200180160160200200工作区流速m/s0.150.140.10.180.17工作区温差℃0.190.170.130.240.23表5-7各房间气流组织计算表-6房间号二层西3二层西4二层西5二层西6二层西7冷负荷W4200.6898258.665617.3125617.3123142.269湿负荷g/h492984984984492热湿比3073630214205512055122992hnkj/kg干空气64.264.264.264.264.2hokj/kg干空气56.856.8565656.3送分温差℃6.96.97.37.37.1风量m3/h17033348205520551193换气次数96667人数48884新风量m3/h170.3334.8240240120风机盘管冷量kw4.28.2585.6175.6173.142新风冷量kw2.8275.9663.9843.9842.988开间m6.713.611.211.26.7进深m7.87.88.858.858.85高m3.53.53.53.53.5送风速度m/s55555风口个数38564风口面积m20.0320.0310.0230.0210.023当量直径m0.20.20.170.160.17风口尺寸(mm)180180160160160180180160160160工作区流速m/s0.170.170.130.130.13工作区温差℃0.230.230.190.170.1960 本科毕业论文正文表5-8各房间气流组织计算表-7房间号二层北1二层北2二层北3三层东1三层东2冷负荷W29376.698376.07113016.037722.8623921.096湿负荷g/h39369841968984738热湿比2687030644238102825419127hnkj/kg干空气64.264.264.264.264.2hokj/kg干空气56.656.856.356.755.9送分温差℃76.97.177.4风量m3/h115963396494330091417换气次数77786人数3281686新风量m3/h1159.6339.6494.3300.9180风机盘管冷量kw29.3768.3713.0167.7233.921新风冷量kw19.255.6378.2054.9952.988开间m33.910.914.813.756.7进深m14.112.614.17.910.6高m3.53.53.53.53.5送风速度m/s55555风口个数3191283风口面积m20.0210.0210.0230.0210.026当量直径m0.160.160.170.160.18风口尺寸(mm)160160160160160160160160160160工作区流速m/s0.130.130.130.130.12工作区温差℃0.180.170.190.170.17表5-9各房间气流组织计算表-8房间号三层东3三层南1三层西1三层西2三层西3冷负荷W13063.446399.46813986.723142.2695617.312湿负荷g/h12309841230492984热湿比3823423412409372299220551hnkj/kg干空气64.264.264.264.264.2hokj/kg干空气5756.35756.356送分温差℃6.77.16.77.17.3风量m3/h54432430582811932055换气次数971076人数1081048新风量m3/h544.3243582.8120240风机盘管冷量kw13.066.39913.9863.1425.617新风冷量kw9.0354.0349.6742.9883.984开间m13.97.313.96.711.2进深m1213.9128.858.85高m3.53.53.53.53.5送风速度m/s5555560 本科毕业论文正文续表5-9房间号三层东3三层南1三层西1三层西2三层西3风口个数86846风口面积m20.0380.0230.040.0230.021当量直径m0.220.170.230.170.16风口尺寸(mm)200160200160160200160200160160工作区流速m/s0.170.130.180.130.13工作区温差℃0.210.170.240.190.17表5-10各房间气流组织计算表-9房间号三层西4三层北1三层北2三层北3三层北4冷负荷W9125.56710331.7212633.336740.4668256.971湿负荷g/h98417221968984984热湿比3338621599231102466030208hnkj/kg干空气64.264.264.264.264.2hokj/kg干空气56.95656.256.456.8送分温差℃6.87.37.27.16.9风量m3/h37503780473725923347换气次数117777人数8141688新风量m3/h375420480259.2334.7风机盘管冷量kw9.12610.33112.6326.748.257新风冷量kw6.3356.9727.9684.35.556开间m12.6510.914.8810.9进深m7.813.713.713.712.4高m3.53.53.53.53.5送风速度m/s55555风口个数8101269风口面积m20.0260.0210.0220.0240.021当量直径m0.180.160.170.180.16风口尺寸(mm)160160160160160160160160160160工作区流速m/s0.150.130.130.130.13工作区温差℃0.190.20.190.190.18表5-11各房间气流组织计算表-10房间号四层南1五层东1五层东2五层东3五层南1冷负荷W12792.759972.5385449.72217173.4617150.4湿负荷g/h196898473814761968热湿比2340136485265844188631372hnkj/kg干空气64.264.264.264.264.2hokj/kg干空气56.156.956.65756.8送分温差℃7.26.876.76.9风量m3/h4738409821517156695260 本科毕业论文正文续表5-11房间号四层南1五层东1五层东2五层东3五层南1换气次数7117119人数16861216新风量m3/h480409.8215.1715.6695.2风机盘管冷量kw12.799.9725.4517.17317.15新风冷量kw7.9686.83.5711.8811.54开间m14.813.756.71614.9进深m13.97.9131215.5高m3.53.53.53.53.5送风速度m/s55555风口个数1286812风口面积m20.220.0280.020.050.032当量直径m0.170.190.160.250.2风口尺寸(mm)160180140220180160180140220180工作区流速m/s0.130.160.130.170.15工作区温差℃0.190.20.170.220.19表5-12各房间气流组织计算表-11房间号五层南2五层西1五层西2五层西3五层西4冷负荷W8578.29317014.0512964.32396.29813920.78湿负荷g/h984147612302461476热湿比3138441497379443506833953hnkj/kg干空气64.264.264.264.264.2hokj/kg干空气56.8575756.956.9送分温差℃6.96.76.76.86.8风量m3/h3478708954109855720换气次数91312911人数81210212新风量m3/h347.8708.954298.5572风机盘管冷量kw8.57817.01412.9642.39613.92新风冷量kw5.7711.778.9971.6359.495开间m7.4516.1513.36.712.85进深m15.59.99.44.8512高m3.53.53.53.53.5送风速度m/s55555风口个数688210风口面积m20.0320.0490.0380.0270.032当量直径m0.20.250.220.190.2风口尺寸(mm)180220200180180180220200180180工作区流速m/s0.150.180.170.140.16工作区温差℃0.190.230.220.190.2160 本科毕业论文正文表5-13各房间气流组织计算表-12房间号五层北1五层北2五层北3冷负荷W13802.999262.18210952.11湿负荷g/h1476984984热湿比336663388640069hnkj/kg干空气64.264.264.2hokj/kg干空气56.956.957送分温差℃6.86.86.7风量m3/h567238064563换气次数10910人数1288新风量m3/h567.2380.6456.3风机盘管冷量kw13.8039.26210.952新风冷量kw9.46.3187.5746开间m10.9810.9进深m15.515.512.4高m3.53.53.5送风速度m/s555风口个数969风口面积m20.0350.0350.028当量直径m0.210.210.19风口尺寸(mm)200200180200200180工作区流速m/s0.160.160.15工作区温差℃0.20.20.1960 本科毕业论文正文6空调水系统水力计算6.1水管系统的选择设计空调系统采用半集中式空调系统，主要是风机盘管加新风系统。风机盘管采用两管制（供、回水管各一根，均采用钢管），夏季供冷水，冬季供热水，本次设计只考虑夏季的情况，风机盘管的供回水温度分别为5℃和12℃，温差为7℃。该系统采用闭式系统，闭式系统中的冷媒水在系统中循环，不与大气接触，仅在系统最高点设置膨胀水箱，并有排气和泄水装置，这种管路系统不易产生污垢和腐蚀，系统简单，由于不需要克服系统静水压头，循环水泵压力低，耗电量较小。由于没有贮水箱，不需要另设水泵等，因而投资省，经济性好。为了使系统阻力平衡，使水力工况稳定，冷冻水系统水平采用同程式，阻力不平衡时用平衡阀来平衡系统阻力。系统中循环水量通过各个房间的冷负荷来决定，为定值不需要变流量定压控制。6.2绘制空调系统水系统图根据建筑平面图和空调系统的风系统图，将每层的水系统图分为四块，每一部分单独供冷冻水，且每一层单独供冷冻水，各层之间不共用立管。根据建筑平面图的布置将各个立管置于已设定好的水井内或者置于卫生间和楼梯间，膨胀水箱置于立管的上方。6.3供水管水力计算根据绘制的空调系统的水系统图，选择首层右上水系统图为例进行水管水力计算6.3.1绘制轴测图根据已绘制好的空调系统图水系统图绘制水系统轴测图，确定最不利管路后进行水力计算:图6-1首层右上水系统轴测60 本科毕业论文正文6.3.2最不利管路水力计算采用流体输配管网水力计算中常用的假定流速法[3]：绘制管网的轴测图，对个管段进行编号，标出长度和流量，确定最不利管路；合理确定最不利管路各管段的管内流体流速；根据各管段的流量和确定的流速，确定最不利管路各管段的断面尺寸；计算最不利管路各管段的阻力；平衡并联管路。根据下列公式计算出各个管段所需冷冻水的流量，并将流量值和各管段长度列于表6.1中。(6.1)式中——风机盘管冷负荷，W；——水的定压比热容，取；——水的密度，取；——冷冻水水供回水温度，取,；由公式（6.2）计算出各管段管径，将管径规范化后再根据公式（6.3）计算出实际流速。根据流量和管径查附录2.1[4]得到管段的比摩阻。再根据下列公式求出管段的沿程阻力。（6.4）根据已算得的流速和5℃时水的密度，利用公式（6.5）求各管段中冷冻水的动压，查表6-1得个管段的局部阻力系数，局部阻力：（6.6）最后管段的总阻力：（6.7）确定系统最不利管路：1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10，计算如下：管段1-2：假定管内流速为v=1m/s,则60 本科毕业论文正文管径规范化，取，则实际流速：，根据管径和流量查得比摩阻，所以此管段的沿程阻力为：管段2-3：假定管内流速v=1m/s,则管径规范化，取，则实际流速：，根据管径和流量查得比摩阻，所以此管段的沿程阻力为：管段3-4：假定管内流速v=1m/s,则管径规范化，取，则实际流速：，根据管径和流量查得比摩阻，所以此管段的沿程阻力为：管段4-5：假定管内v=1m/s,则管径规范化，取，则实际流速：，根据管径和流量查得比摩阻，所以此管段的沿程阻力为：60 本科毕业论文正文管段5-6：假定管内流速v=1m/s,则管径规范化，取，则实际流速：，根据管径和流量查得比摩阻，所以此管段的沿程阻力为：管段6-7：假定管内流速v=1m/s,则管径规范化，取，则实际流速：，根据管径和流量查得比摩阻，所以此管段的沿程阻力为：管段7-8：假定管内流速v=1m/s,则管径规范化，取，则实际流速：，根据管径和流量查得比摩阻，所以此管段的沿程阻力为：管段8-9：假定管内流速v=1m/s,则管径规范化，取，则实际流速：60 本科毕业论文正文，根据管径和流量查得比摩阻，所以此管段的沿程阻力为：管段9-10：假定管内流速v=1m/s,则管径规范化，取，则实际流速：，根据管径和流量查得比摩阻，所以此管段的沿程阻力为：将以上的计算结果经过水温、管壁粗糙度、运动粘度修正后一一列于表6-2中。查表6-1得各管段的局部阻力系数，计算各管段的局部阻力列于表6-2中。表6-1常用管道配件的局部阻力系数序号名称局部阻力系数1蝶阀（全开时）0.1~0.32闸阀0.53三通1.5(对应大断面的流速)4普通弯头2.06.3.3支路水管水力计算计算方法同最不利管路的计算，将计算结果列于表6-2中，重复部分不计算。6.3.4水管水力计算表表6-2首层右上水系统水力计算表60 本科毕业论文正文管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.12150.1715.734533.812.515187.5721.32--30.51150.733.27912531.222645283059.23--40.9200.714.44982191.222484962687.24--51.28250.623.62851026219338614125--61.66250.813.64661677.623246482325.66--72.04320.573.616559421593189127--82.42320.673.6227817.222244481265.28--93.03400.643.6173622.822034061028.89--103.38400.7115.42133280.2625315184798.217-180.13150.20.528414212.515187.5721.319--180.26150.416.7518347122645283059.218--40.39150.611.31177153122484962687.2最不利管路的总压力损失：其他各层房间的供水管路水力计算见下表：表6-3首层左上水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.26150.3716.71931293.12.567.56168.914622--30.39150.5564.94222067.841526082675.83--40.78200.6113.63391220.42183.53671587.44--51.17250.5683.6214770.42158.4316.81087.25--61.56250.7574.53751687.52281.6563.22250.76--71.94320.5373.6133478.82141.7283.4762.27--82.32320.6423.6188676.82202.6405.210828--92.7320.7473.6253910.82274.55491459.89--103.08400.6482.91604642206.541387710--113.98400.8371.929055143511404195511--124.28400.94.33331431.9440516203051.912--134.63500.5833.3105346.52170340686.514--20.13150.1850.552260.516.898.44534.44515--120.25150.3562.4179429.62.562.46156.15585.7516--170.2150.28561408402.54010094018--170.1150.1430.3288.40.510513.417--190.3150.4284.42931289.24903601649.219--200.6200.473.2204652.82109218870.820--100.9200.7051.3448582.422444881070.4表6-4首层左下水系统水力计算表60 本科毕业论文正文管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.2150.2856.21408682.5401009682--30.3150.4284.72931377.14903601737.13--40.6200.473.2233745.62109218963.64--50.9200.7053.24981593.622444882081.65--61.2250.5823.2253809.621673341143.66--71.5250.7283.23851232226052017527--81.8250.8737.15443862.4437515005362.48--92.23320.6173.6194698.421873741072.49--102.66400.563.8135513215430882110--112.88400.6060.215731.42181362393.411--124400.8421.6292467.2434813921859.21--20.2150.2856.21408682186.05372.11903.114-150.1150.1430.528140.51051916-150.2150.2856.21408682.54010096815--30.3150.4281.529444129018062129--80.16150.2282.893260.42.52665325.430--80.27150.3851.8242435.62.573182.5618.133--100.08150.1145231152.561513034--100.14150.25402002.5205025035--370.16150.2282.893260.42.52665325.436--370.22150.3141.8166298.82.548120418.837--400.38150.5423.645516382144288192638--400.16150.2282.893260.42.52665325.439-400.17150.2421.8104187.22.52972.5259.740--430.71200.5564.73191499.321523041803.341--430.08150.1145231152.561513042--430.33150.471535017502.5109272.52022.543--111.12200.8773.67542714.423787563470.4表6-5首层右下水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.16150.2284.593418.54.526117535.52--30.32150.4563.23311059.221022041263.23--40.4150.5735011503216032018234--50.48150.6842.97052044.522304602504.55--60.58200.454221943821012026406--70.88200.6893.64781720.822334662186.87--81.18250.5723.6245882216132212048--91.38250.673.63281180.842208802060.8续表6-560 本科毕业论文正文管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）9--101.68250.8156.74763189.223276543843.210--112.11320.5843.6175630216833696611--122.54320.7033.8249946.222434861432.212--132.76320.7640.229158.22287574632.213--143.88400.8161.6276441.6432813121753.625--270.2150.2856.21408682.54010096826--270.1150.1430.528140.51051927--90.3150.4281.5293439.5290180619.528--100.16150.2282.893260.42.52665325.429--100.27150.3851.8242435.62.573182.5618.132--120.08150.1145231152.561513033--120.14150.25402002.5205025034--360.16150.2282.893260.42.52665325.435--360.22150.3141.8166298.82.548120418.836--390.38150.5423.645516382144288192638--390.17150.2421.8104187.22.52972.5259.739--420.71200.5564.73191499.321523041803.340--420.08150.1145231152.561513041--420.33150.471535017502.5109272.52022.542--131.12200.8773.67542714.423787563470.443--20.16150.2281.193102.32.52665167.344--30.08150.1141.12224.22.561539.2表6-6二层右上水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.23150.3285.21809362.55413510712--30.34150.4856.43702368411847228403--40.68200.5333.62941058.421422841342.44--51.02200.7994.16312587.123196383225.15--61.42250.6893.63461245.622374741719.66--71.82320.5043.6133478.82127254732.87--82.22320.6143.6193694.821893781072.88--92.62320.7254.22641108.822635261634.89--103.02400.6353.6172619.222024041023.210--113.43400.723.6217781.21.5259388.51169.711--123.82400.8043.6268964.823236461610.812--134.22400.88815.63245054.4639423647418.414--20.11150.1570.532160.51262215--30.34150.4852.8370103621182361272续表6-660 本科毕业论文正文管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）16--170.27150.3856.72421621.42.5741851806.418--170.13150.1850.53718.50.5178.52717--50.4150.571.3501651.32163326977.3表6-7二层左上水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.24150.3426.51951267.52.559147.514152--30.36150.5134.74121936.441325282464.43--40.72200.5643.63281180.821593181498.84--51.08200.8463.67042534.423687363270.45--61.44250.6993.23561139.222444881627.26--71.8320.4982.813036421242486127--82.16320.5982.8183512.42179358870.48--92.52320.6973.2245784224348612709--102.88320.7973.23161011.223186361647.210--113.24400.6823.2196627.222324641091.211--123.6400.7573.42408162287574139012--133.72400.7830.7255178.52306612790.513--146.96500.87610.5226237343841536390915--20.12150.1710.534170.5157.524.516--120.12150.171234682.51537.5105.517--210.33150.47123507002.5111277.5977.518--190.34150.4859.737035892.5117292.53881.520--190.17150.2420.310431.20.52914.545.719--210.51150.7272.47911898.422645282426.421--220.84200.6583.64371573.222164322005.222--231.68250.8153.34771574.123326642238.125--260.3150.4287.82942293.22.591227.52520.727--260.15150.2140.34312.90.52311.524.426--230.45150.6422.462515002206412191223--242.46320.6813.3234772.222324641236.224--133.24400.6823.8196744.822324641208.860 本科毕业论文正文表6-8二层左下水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.28150.39932597772.5802009772--30.62200.4863.4248843.223917821625.23--41.07250.5191.520430621352705764--51.24250.6022.4269645.621813621007.65--61.38250.673.33291085.722244481533.76--71.72320.4761.112013221132263587--82.78320.76910.82953186229659237788--93.24400.6822.4196470.42232464934.49--103.4400.7151.1215236.52256512748.510--115.09500.6411.7125212.542058201032.512--20.34150.4851.63705922.511829588713--30.17150.2424.8104499.22.52972.5571.714--150.42150.5994.15492250.94.5179805.53056.415--160.85150.6662.74471206.922224441650.917--160.21150.2994.8153734.46.545292.51026.916--71.06250.5142.2200440413252896818--80.14150.23401202.5205017019--80.32150.45623316622.510426092220--90.16150.2286.394592.26.526169761.222--240.13150.1854.437162.84.51776.5239.323--240.13150.1850.93733.34.51776.5109.825--260.27150.3855.72421379.44.5743331712.424--260.26150.3712.7226610.2269138748.226--270.53150.7561.98511616.922865722188.928--270.1150.1435.128142.82.51025167.827--290.9200.7052.24981095.622484961591.629--301.32250.643.530210572205410146730--311.39250.6742.1333699.322274541153.321--310.16150.2285.294488.82.52665553.831--101.55250.7521.3409531.722835661097.7表6-9二层右下水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.16150.2285.394498.22.52665563.22--30.52150.7413.68202952227555035023--40.88200.6893.64781720.822374742194.84--51.24250.6023.92691049.121813621411.15--61.59250.7713.64301548229859621446--71.94320.540.7151105.72145290395.760 本科毕业论文正文续表6-9管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）7--82.79320.77210.32973059.122985963655.18--93.25400.6842.4197472.82233466938.89--103.45400.7261.1221243.12263526769.110--115.1500.6411.7126214.242068241038.212--20.2150.28531404202.541102.5522.513--140.34150.4854.137015174.5118531204814--160.68200.5332.7294793.822958851.815--160.17150.2424.8104499.26.529188.5687.716--70.85200.6662.2447983.441415641547.429--80.14150.23401202.5205017030--80.32150.45623316622.510426092228--90.16150.2286.394592.26.526169761.218--190.13150.1854.437162.84.51776.5239.317--200.27150.3855.72421379.44.5743331712.419--200.26150.3712.7226610.2269138748.220--210.53150.7561.98511616.922865722188.922--210.1150.1435.128142.82.51025167.821--230.9200.7052.24981095.622484961591.623--241.32250.643.530210572205410146724--251.39250.6742.1333699.322274541153.326--270.16150.2285.294488.82.52665553.827--101.55250.7521.3409531.722835661097.760 本科毕业论文正文三层右上的水系统图同二层右上的水系统一样，负荷相近，不进行水力计算，参照二层右上水系统的水力计算表。表6-10三层左上水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.28150.3996.52591683.52.5802001883.52--30.42150.5995.15492799.941797163515.93--40.84200.6584.54371966.522164322398.54--51.23250.5973.6264950.421783561306.45--61.62250.7863.64451602230961822206--72.01320.5563.616057621553108867--82.79320.7723.92971158.322985961754.38--93.18400.6693.2189604.822244481052.89--103.57400.7513.2236755.222825641319.210--113.96400.8333.2287918.423476941612.411--124.09400.86123056102370740135012--135.53500.6961.8146262.82242484746.813--145.81500.7328.71611400.7426810722472.715--20.14150.20.540200.520103016--180.26150.3716.52271475.52.569172.5164817--180.13150.1850.53718.50.5178.52718--40.39150.5561.54787172154308102519--210.26150.3716.52271475.52.569172.5164820--210.13150.1850.53718.50.5178.52721--80.39150.5561.54787172154308102522--110.13150.185237742.51742.5116.523--270.28150.3991.8259466.22.580200666.224--260.15150.2147.843335.42.52357.5392.925--260.15150.2140.34312.90.52311.524.426--270.3150.4282.529473529118291727--280.58150.8273.210093228.823426843912.828--291.16250.5633.2237758.421583161074.429--121.44250.6991.535653422444881022表6-11三层左下水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.34150.4851037037002.511829539952--30.51150.7275.87914587.8426410565643.83--41.02200.7993.66312271.623196382909.64--51.32250.643.63021087.222054101497.25--61.62250.7865.4445240343091236363960 本科毕业论文正文续表6-11管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）6--73.34400.7033.3208686.422474941180.47--85.68500.7157.51541155225651216679--100.43150.6134.557425834.5188846342910--110.86200.6743.64571645.222274542099.211--121.29350.6263.62891040.421963921432.412--61.72320.4762.4120288211322651413--150.26150.3716.52271475.52.569172.5164814--150.13150.1850.53718.50.5178.52715--160.39150.5561.54787172154308102516--170.78200.6113.83811447.821873741821.817--181.17250.5683.6241867.621613221189.618--191.56250.7573.94141614.622865722186.619--201.95320.543.6151543.62146292835.620--72.34320.6483.7213788.122104201208.121--20.17150.2420.310431.20.52914.545.722--240.15150.2147.843335.42.52357.5392.923--240.15150.2140.34312.90.52311.524.424--40.3150.4282.5294735291182917表6-12三层右下水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.16150.2285.194479.44.526117596.42--30.32150.4564.13311357.121042081565.13--40.48150.68410.47057332423493682684--50.96200.7521.7563957.122835661523.15--61.2250.5823.6253910.821693381248.86--71.44250.6991.6356569.622444881057.67--81.92320.531214729421412825768--92.16320.5983.6183658.821793581016.89--102.4320.664622413444221884222810--114.12400.8673.331010232376752177511--126.46500.8137.51971477.523316622139.513--50.24150.3421.61953122.559147.5459.514--150.43150.6134.557425834.5188846342915--160.86200.6743.64571645.222274542099.216--171.29350.6263.62891040.421963921432.417--101.72320.4762.4120288211322651418--200.26150.3716.52271475.52.569172.5164819--200.13150.1850.53718.50.5178.52760 本科毕业论文正文续表6-12管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）20--210.39150.5561.54787172154308102521--220.78200.6113.83811447.821873741821.822--231.17250.5683.6241867.621613221189.623--241.56250.7573.94141614.622865722186.624--251.95320.543.6151543.62146292835.625--112.34320.6483.7213788.122104201208.1四层右上的水系统图同二层右上的水系统一样，负荷相近，不进行水力计算，参照二层右上水系统的水力计算表；四层左上的水系统同三层左上水系统一样，负荷相近，不进行水里计算，参照三层左上水系统的水力计算表。表6-13四层左下水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.26150.3716.52271475.52.569172.516482--30.39150.5564.84782294.421543082602.43--40.78200.6113.73811409.721873741783.74--51.17250.5683.6241867.621613221189.65--61.56250.7574.64141904.422865722476.46--71.95320.543.6151543.62146292835.67--82.34320.6485.62131192.822104201612.88--92.73320.7553.62851026228557015969--103.12400.6563.6183658.822154301088.810--113.51400.7383.6228820.822735461366.811--123.9400.8211.7279474.323376741148.312--137.06500.8897.52331747.523957902537.525--20.13150.1850.53718.50.5178.52714--150.28150.3994.22591087.84.5703151402.815--160.56150.7983.29443020.823196383658.816--170.84200.65812.64385518.842168646382.817--181.14250.5533.62308282153306113418--191.44250.6995.63561993.622444882481.619--123.16400.6653.3187617.12.5221552.51169.620--210.43150.6134.557425834.5188846342921--220.86200.6743.64571645.222274542099.222--231.29350.6263.62891040.421963921432.423--191.72320.4762.4120288211322651424--170.3150.4282.52947352.591227.5962.560 本科毕业论文正文表6-14四层右下水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.26150.3716.52271475.52.569172.516482--30.39150.5564.84782294.421543082602.43--40.78200.6113.73811409.721873741783.74--51.17250.5683.6241867.621613221189.65--61.56250.7574.64141904.422865722476.46--71.95320.543.6151543.62146292835.67--82.34320.6485.62131192.822104201612.88--92.73320.7553.62851026228557015969--103.12400.6563.6183658.822154301088.810--113.51400.7383.6228820.822735461366.811--123.9400.8211.7279474.323376741148.312--137.06500.8897.52331747.523957902537.529--20.13150.1850.53718.50.5178.52714--150.16150.2285.194479.44.526117596.415--160.32150.4564.13311357.121042081565.116--170.48150.68410.470573324234936826817--180.96200.7521.7563957.122835661523.118--191.2250.5823.6253910.821693381248.819--201.44250.6991.6356569.622444881057.620--211.92320.5312147294214128257621--222.16320.5983.6183658.821793581016.822--232.4320.664622413444221884222823--124.12400.8673.331010232376752177524--250.43150.6134.557425834.5188846342925--260.86200.6743.64571645.222274542099.226--271.29350.6263.62891040.421963921432.427--231.72320.4762.4120288211322651428--180.24150.3421.61953122.559147.5459.5表6-15五层右上水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.3150.4285.22941528.82.5541351663.82--30.45150.6426.46254000411847244723--40.9200.7053.64981792.821422842076.84--51.35250.6553.93151228.523196381866.55--61.92320.5313.6147529.222374741003.26--72.49320.6893.9240936212725411907--83.06400.6443.6176633.621893781011.68--93.63400.7643.9243947.722635261473.760 本科毕业论文正文续表6-15管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）9--104.2400.8843.63211155.622024041559.610--114.77500.6013.91104291.5259388.5817.511--125.34500.6723.6137493.223236461139.212--135.91500.74416.11662672.6639423645036.614--20.15150.2140.54321.50.512627.515--30.45150.6422.862517502118236198616--170.38150.5426.74553048.52.5741853233.518--170.17150.2710.5128640.5178.572.517--50.57150.8131.39761268.821633261594.8表6-16五层左上水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.37150.5286.74332901.12.5139347.53248.62--30.56150.7984.99444625.6431812725897.63--41.12250.5434.4222976.821482961272.84--51.68320.4653.611541421082166305--62.24320.623.7196725.221923841109.26--72.8320.7753.62991076.423006001676.47--83.36400.7073.8210798225050012988--93.92400.8253.62821015.223406801695.29--104.48500.5643.698352.82159318670.810--115.04500.6353.6123442.82201402844.811--125.6500.7050.515075224949857312--136.92500.8712.522456043801520208013--147.26500.9143.22457842418836162014--157.6700.5815.176387.641706801067.616--20.19150.2710.5128640.53718.582.517--190.15150.2144.243180.64.523103.5284.118--190.51150.7271.67911265.62.52646601925.619--200.66200.5172.2278611.62134268879.620--211.17250.5681241241216132256321--121.32250.642.7302815.422054101225.422--130.34150.4851.63705922.5117292.5884.560 本科毕业论文正文表6-17五层左下水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.36150.5136.54112671.52.51323303001.52--30.54150.774.88814228.8429611845412.83--41.08250.5243.7208769.621372741043.64--51.62250.7863.64451602230961822205--62.16320.5984.6183841.821793581199.86--72.7320.7473.62791004.422795581562.47--83.24400.6825.61961097.622324641561.68--93.78400.7953.6263946.823166321578.89--104.32500.5443.692331.22148296627.210--114.86500.6123.6115414218737478811--125.4500.681.7140238223146270012--138.08700.6187.585637.521913821019.514--120.18150.2570.5116580.53316.574.515--160.52150.7414.58213694.5627516505344.516--171.04250.5053.6193694.82127254948.817--181.56250.7573.64141490.422865722062.418--192.08320.5764.5171769.541666641433.519--123.68400.7743.32508252300600142520--210.4150.57450120044.5163733.52737.521--220.8200.6273.23991276.821963921668.822--231.2250.5823.2253809.621693381147.623--191.6250.7763.14351348.523016021950.5表6-18五层右下水系统水力计算表管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.36150.5136.54112671.52.51323303001.52--30.54150.774.88814228.8429611845412.83--41.08250.5243.7208769.621372741043.64--51.62250.7863.64451602230961822205--62.16320.5984.6183841.821793581199.86--72.7320.7473.62791004.422795581562.47--83.24400.6825.61961097.622324641561.68--93.78400.7953.6263946.823166321578.810--114.86500.6123.6115414218737478811--125.4500.681.7140238223146270012--1310.66700.8157.51431072.523326641736.514--120.18150.2570.5116580.53316.574.515--160.52150.7414.5820369062741644533416--171.04250.5053.6193694.82127254948.860 本科毕业论文正文续表6-18管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）17--181.56250.7573.64141490.422865722062.418--192.08320.5762.4171410.441666641074.419--125.26500.6623.3133438.92219438876.920--210.22150.3146.21661029.22.549122.51151.721--220.33150.471635021002111222232222--230.66200.5173.62781000.821342681268.823--240.99200.7751.1597656.723016021258.724--251.29250.6262.5289722.521963921114.525--261.62250.7861.1445489.523096181107.526--271.92320.5312.5147367.52141282649.527--282.25320.6231.1198217.82194388605.828--292.55320.7062.5251627.522494981125.529--302.88320.7961.1316347.62318636983.630--193.18400.669618911344224896203031--210.11150.1570.3319.30.512615.36.3.5阻力平衡计算[3]对于各个节点点进行阻力平衡计算，若，则需要对支管管径进行适当缩小，若还不能满足，则加阀门调节。6.3.6末端装置选型根据计算，确定每个房间内风机盘管需要的风量、冷量和冷冻水流量，选择开利42CE系列风机盘管机组。机组盘管采用最新研制宽缝翅片二道翻边结构，先进的机械涨管工艺，使铜管与铝箔达到最佳接触，宽缝翅片为充分换热提供了最理想的传热流道，特宽叶轮为盘管提供了一个均匀传热风速环境，使传热更充分，从而使机组盘管在二排管情况下，单位输入功率制冷量超过了国内外三排管同类机组冷量水平。超薄机身机组高度仅为220mm，节省安装空间，满足各种场合的安装需求。具体各房间内风机盘管型号参照表6-19后根据实际风量、冷量和冷冻水流量选择合适的风机盘管。表6-19开利42CE系列风机盘管机组开利42CE系列风机盘管机组型号002003004005006008额定风量m3/h34051068085010201360冷量KW2.13.414.125.065.997.33热量KW3.275.016.277.789.0211.85输入功率W23.1829436777117噪音值db(A)353237424346.560 本科毕业论文正文续表6-19开利42CE系列风机盘管机组型号002003004005006008水流量I/min0.1080.1720.2090.2560.2990.459水降压Kpa1033192738226.4回水管设计选用管径为50mm的无缝钢管作为回水管道，经验证回水压力满足系统要求。6.5冷凝水管设计凝结水管设计时应遵循以下原则：(1)凝结水管的坡度设计：机组水盘的泄水支管坡度不宜小于0.001；其他水平支、干管，沿水流方向保持不小于0.002的坡度，且不允许有集水部位，每层的凝结水就近排到卫生间地漏。(2)当冷凝水盘位于机组内的负压区段时，凝水盘的出水口处必须设置水封，水封的高度应比凝水盘处的负压（相当于水柱高度）大50%左右，水封的出口应与大气相通。(3)冷凝水管道宜采用聚氯乙烯塑料管，不宜采用焊接钢管。(4)设计和布置冷凝水管路时，必须认真考虑定期冲洗的可能性。(5)冷凝水管的公称直径，应根据通过冷凝水的流量计算确定。根据相关设计手册，可根据机组的冷负荷按下列数据选定冷凝水管的公称直径，见表6-20。表6-20冷凝水管的管径表冷负荷KW≤77.1~1818.1~100101~176177~598599~10551056~1512管径DN2025324050801006.5水泵扬程计算及选型首层右上：取冷冻水供回水温差7℃计算，冷冻水流量约为，安全系数取1.1。所以冷冻水泵流量为：（6.8）即扬程按下式计算：（6.9）式中：——水系统总的沿程阻力和局部阻力损失，Kpa；——设备阻力损失，Kpa；查资料可得开利42CE004风机盘管的阻力19kpa，冷水机组阻力80kpa，新风机组阻力30KPa所以60 本科毕业论文正文安全系数取1.1，所以水泵所需扬程约为：（6.10）即考虑到风机盘管的安装高度为3m，所以水泵的扬程需要19.1m。首层左上：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE004风机盘管的阻力19kpa，所以考虑安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为19.2m。首层左下：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE004风机盘管的阻力19kpa，所以考虑安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为19.2m。首层右下：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE004风机盘管的阻力19kpa，所以60 本科毕业论文正文考虑安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为19.3m。二层右上：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE006风机盘管的阻力38kpa，所以考虑层高和安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为25.4m。二层左上：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE004风机盘管的阻力19kpa，所以考虑层高和安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为23.1m。二层左下：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE003风机盘管的阻力33kpa，所以考虑层高和安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为23.6m。二层右下：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE004风机盘管的阻力19kpa，所以60 本科毕业论文正文考虑层高和安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为22.5m。三层左上：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE004风机盘管的阻力19kpa，考虑层高和安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为26.7m；四层左上的水系统和三层一样，但是需多加一个层高，所以四层左上水系统需要的水泵扬程为30.2m。三层左下：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE008风机盘管的阻力22kpa，所以考虑层高和安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为26.8m。三层右下：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE004风机盘管的阻力19kpa，所以考虑层高和安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为26.4m。四层左下：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE004风机盘管的阻力19kpa，所以考虑层高和安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为29.9m。60 本科毕业论文正文四层右下和左下水力计算数据相同，所以所需水泵的扬程也为29.9m五层右上：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE006风机盘管的阻力38kpa，所以考虑层高和安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为35.8m。五层左上：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE004风机盘管的阻力19kpa，所以考虑层高和安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为33.8m。五层左下：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE004风机盘管的阻力19kpa，所以考虑层高和安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为33.5m。五层右下：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE004风机盘管的阻力19kpa，所以考虑层高和安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为33.5m。60 本科毕业论文正文表6-21首层水系统水泵选型表右上水系统左上水系统左下水系统右下水系统所需扬程mH2O19.119.219.219.3水泵型号格兰富CH4-40格兰富CH4-40格兰富CH4-40格兰富CH4-40水泵扬程mH2O20.5/3420.5/3420.5/3420.5/34水泵流量m3/h5/85/85/85/8表6-22二层水系统水泵选型表右上水系统左上水系统左下水系统右下水系统所需扬程mH2O25.423.123.622.5水泵型号格兰富CH4-50格兰富CH8-40格兰富CH4-50格兰富CH4-50水泵扬程mH2O27.3/4423/3627.3/4427.3/44水泵流量m3/h5/88/105/85/8表6-23三层水系统水泵选型表右上水系统左上水系统左下水系统右下水系统所需扬程mH2O29.926.726.826.4水泵型号格兰富CH4-60格兰富CH4-50格兰富CH4-50格兰富CH4-50水泵扬程mH2O31.3/5227.3/4427.3/4427.3/44水泵流量m3/h5/85/85/85/8表6-24四层水系统水泵选型表右上水系统左上水系统左下水系统右下水系统所需扬程mH2O33.430.229.929.9水泵型号格兰富CH8-60格兰富CH4-60格兰富CH8-50格兰富CH8-50水泵扬程mH2O34/5431.3/5232/4732/47水泵流量m3/h8/105/88/108/10表6-25五层水系统水泵选型表右上水系统左上水系统左下水系统右下水系统所需扬程mH2O35.833.833.533.5水泵型号格兰富CH8-60格兰富CH8-60格兰富CH8-60格兰富CH12-50水泵扬程mH2O34/5434/5434/5437.3/50水泵流量m3/h8/108/108/1012/1460 本科毕业论文正文7空调风系统水力计算7.1送风方式及风管规格的选择根据前面气流组织计算的结果，每个房间内采用独立新风的处理方式，新风不进入风机盘管，不承担室内负荷，由新风处理机组统一处理后送到个房间的，根据房间内风机盘管布置的不同，有的房间内新风和风机盘管处理后的冷风在风管内混合有散流器送至房间，有的房间新风和散流器送出的冷风直接在房间内混合。所有的风管均采用镀锌薄钢板制作的矩形风管，其粗糙度为0.15~0.18mm，在计算摩擦阻力的时候不需要进行粗糙度修正[3]。7.2水力计算步骤及相关公式完成新风输配官网的布置后，包括设备和各送排风点的位置确定；通过气流组织计算得出各房间内、各送排风点的风量，采用假定流速法进行新风送风管道的水力计算：（1）确定最不利管路的管内流速和管道断面尺寸：首先绘制风管系统的轴测图，并划分好管段，对各管段进行编号，标注长度和风量；其次确定管内空气的流速，风管内的空气流速可以按表2-3-1和表2-3-2确定，在民用建筑及工业辅助的机械通风中，干管风速为5~8m/s，支管风速为2~5m/s；最后根据哥风管的风量和选择的流速初步确定风管断面尺寸，并适当调整使其符合通风管道的统一规格，调整好后，按调整好的断面尺寸计算管内的实际流速。（2）风管摩擦阻力计算：首先根据风管内的流量和实际流速查图2-3-1后得出风管内单位长度摩擦阻力，风管的摩擦阻力为，其中为风管的管段长度。（3）风管局部阻力计算：查附录后确定各种局部阻力系数，然后确定风管内的特征流速，则局部阻力：（4）并联管路的阻力平衡：由于在管材规格和管内流速的限制，不能实现理想的平衡，工程上允许两并联管路的计算阻力存在一定的偏差。两支管的计算阻力差应不超过15%。含尘风管应不超过10%。若超过上述规定，可采用调整支管管径和阀门调节两种方法来进行阻力平衡。（5）计算系统的总阻力：最不利环路的所有串联管段主力（包括设备阻力）之和，即为管网系统的总阻力。7.3举例计算取图号01的首层风系统图中右上风系统最不利管路的1-2管段为例进行计算：该管段内的新风量该风系统内所有的风量总和，根据气流组织计算可知：考虑到风管的漏风，取5%的漏风系数，所以该管段的风量为：选取干管内风速为6m/s，根据风量和风速所选管径按附录6[5]通风管道统一规格调整为250mm200mm，则实际流速：60 本科毕业论文正文根据流速和流量查图2-3-1可得单位长度摩擦阻力，按照图纸量出管段长度，所以风管的摩擦阻力为：。取空气密度为，1-2管段上存在一个合流三通，查表的起局部阻力系数为0.2，则局部阻力为：所以该管段的总阻力为10.52Pa。其他各层风系统的水力计算方法均与上述相同。7.4新风机组及冷水机组的选型新风机组采用盾安机电的GX系列的柜式空调新风机组，具体选型见下表：表7-1首层风系统新风机组选型表风系统右上风系统左上风系统左下风系统右下风系统新风风量m3/h1061.91567.51371.01357.1新风冷量KW16.7824.7820.6721.45机组型号GX415(1)GX617.5(1)GX615(1)GX615(1)机组风量m3/h1500175015001500机组冷量KW19.230.025.725.7机组水量m3/h3.45.24.54.5表7-2二层风系统新风机组选型表风系统右上风系统左上风系统左下风系统右下风系统新风风量m3/h1394.61695.12154.31908.8新风冷量KW22.0528.2034.0630.19机组型号GX615(1)GX617.5(1)GX622.5(1)GX620(1)机组风量m3/h1500175022502000机组冷量KW25.730.038.634.3机组水量m3/h4.55.26.76.0表7-3三层风系统新风机组选型表风系统右上风系统左上风系统左下风系统右下风系统新风风量m3/h1359.42114.91373.41841.9新风冷量KW21.4935.5421.7829.12机组型号GX615(1)GX622.5(1)GX615(1)GX620(1)机组风量m3/h1500225015002000机组冷量KW15.738.625.734.3机组水量m3/h4.56.74.56.060 本科毕业论文正文表7-4四层风系统新风机组选型表风系统右上风系统左上风系统左下风系统右下风系统新风风量m3/h1359.42114.91875.01796.5新风冷量KW21.4935.5428.6429.42机组型号GX615(1)GX622.5(1)GX620(1)GX620(1)机组风量m3/h1500225020002000机组冷量KW15.738.634.334.3机组水量m3/h4.56.76.06.0表7-5五层风系统新风机组选型表风系统右上风系统左上风系统左下风系统右下风系统新风风量m3/h2077.62498.53139.03233.1新风冷量KW32.8539.4849.6251.10机组型号GX622.5(1)GX625(1)GX632.5(1)GX632.5(1)机组风量m3/h2250250032503250机组冷量KW38.641.655.055.0机组水量m3/h6.77.29.59.5将每层的风机盘管冷量和新风冷量汇总后列于下表：表7-6各层冷量汇总表层数首层二层三层四层五层冷量KW201.50280.06269.28310.79427.29所以整幢科研实验大楼的冷量：依据总的冷量，冷水机组选择盾安机电的满液式螺杆水（地）源热泵机组RSL1590M，机组相关参数如下：60 本科毕业论文正文表7-7盾安满液式螺杆水（地）源热泵机组RSL1590M参数表机组型号RSL1590M名义制冷量KW1593名义制热量KW1752制冷额定功率KW246制热额定功率KW344制冷剂R22充注量Kg410压缩机2台半封螺杆型Y-△启动蒸发器形式满液式（设计承受水压1.0Mpa）制冷水流量m3/h273制热水流量m3/h145冷凝器形式卧式壳管式（设计承受水压1.0Mpa）制冷水流量m3/h145制热水流量m3/h273外形尺寸4250mm*1550mm*1900mm机组重量Kg7000运行重量Kg750060 本科毕业论文正文8节能比较8.1节能比较的意义近几十年来，随着经济的快速发展，整个空调行业也在飞速发展，尤其是中央空调，不论是在商业建筑还是民用建筑中，其应用越来越广泛，但是不得不面对的问题就是：中央空调的大量应用，带给我们舒适的生活环境同时也带来了很严重的能耗问题。目前中国能源有30％消耗在形形色色的建筑上，而中央空调每年的耗电量约占建筑物总用点量的70％左右[6]，因此对中央空调进行合理的节能设计应用对整个建筑物的节能起到重要作用。8.2节能措施8.2.1提高室内设计参数有资料显示，以我国南方地区为例，夏季室内设计温度如果每降低1℃或冬季设计温度每升高1℃，其工程投资将增加6％，能耗将增加8％。目前我国建筑物中央空调系统设计中，大多按天气最热、负荷最大时设计，并且留10-20％设计余量。但在实际使用中，绝大部分时间空调是不会满负荷状态下运行，存在较大的富余，所以适当的提高夏季的室内设计温度能有效的达到节能的目的。查资料可得：广州夏季室外计算干球温度为33.5℃，夏季室外计算湿球温度为27.7℃。舒适性空调室内空气计算参数：温度（夏季）24~28℃，相对湿度（夏季）40~65%。，所以比较常规的空调系统设计，提高室内的空气设计参数，选择夏季设计室内温度：28℃，相对湿度为60%。上面已经算过了夏季设计室内温度：28℃，相对湿度为60%时的室内气流组织，下面则以常规的26℃，相对湿度为50%的夏季室内设计参数对首层东3房间进行气流组织计算：由负荷计算的结果可知，最大冷负荷出现在下午15点，最大冷负荷负荷为Q=9542.62W,室内人数为设定为12人，人员散湿量为123g/h·人，房间的总湿负荷W=1476g/h，计算该房间的热湿比:在h-d图上，根据、和、确定室内空气状态点N和室外空气状态点W，过N点的等焓线与相对湿度线相交，得新风处理后的机器露点L，通过点N画出热湿比线，令，按23:1的比例求出，将的等湿线与的等焓线的交点与N点的连线，即符合的热湿比线，延长与相对湿度线相交，得出送风状态点O。从h-d图中查出各点参数:68 本科毕业论文正文将和代入公式，校核送风温差：大致满足要求。按消除余热：按消除余湿：按消除余热和余湿所求的通风量基本相同，说明计算无误。计算送风量：计算换气次数：取n=5次/h，满足要求。最小新风量按满足卫生要求所需的新风量来取：最小新风量:二者比较取大值：风机盘管处理的风量：68 本科毕业论文正文风机盘管出口空气的焓值：风机盘管承担的冷量：新风机组承担的冷量：表8-1不同室内设计参数下冷量比较表室内设计参数风机盘管冷量（KW）新风机组冷量(KW)28℃/60%9.5425.97626℃/50%9.5377.344由表7-1可以看出：常规室内设计参数下风机盘管的冷量为9.537KW，节能设计后风机盘管的冷量为9.542KW，因为在选择新风处理方式的时候，选择的是新风不承担室内负荷，所以风机盘管承担了全部的室内负荷，即风机盘管所需的冷量就是该房间的室内冷负荷，除去读图和计算的误差，两种不同的室内设计参数下，风机盘管的冷量基本一致。另外还可以看出：常规室内设计参数条件下新风机组的冷量为7.344KW，而节能设计条件下新风机组的冷量为5.976KW，通过计算可以看出，两种条件下，室内所需的新风量一样，均为按照室内卫生要求确定的新风量，而且新风不承担室内负荷，所以当室内要求达到的空气焓值越低，新风处理后的焓值也就越低，新风机组所需要的冷量也就越大。通过比较得出，两种条件下，风机盘管所需的冷量基本一致，而节能条件下，新风机组所需冷量少，这样整个房间内所需要的冷量就下降，具有一定的节能效果，节能率为：对于这幢建筑来说，所有房间的总冷负荷达到750KW，节能效果会非常可观。8.2.2采用大温差小流量的水系统[7]根据相关资料可知：在商用和民用建筑中，中央空调的冷冻水泵和冷却水泵的耗电量占整个中央空调系统的耗电量的30%左右，制冷机组占总耗电量的60%。随着制冷技术的发展，制冷机组的能耗有了显著的降低，在过去的三十年内，冷水机组的效率几乎提高了一倍，冷水机组的能耗比例降低了20%左右，但是冷却塔和水泵的能耗比例提高了10%，因此需要优化中央空调的水系统，对空调系统的节能有着重要意义。68 本科毕业论文正文大温差小流量的水系统是相对国内常规设计，即冷冻水温度参数7℃/12℃（温差为5℃），冷却水温度参数为37℃/32℃（温差为5℃）而提出来的。在实际运行中，我们把冷水进出口温差和冷却水进出口温差二者或其中之一大于名义工况给定温差的运行，称为大温差运行[8]。当采用大温差小流量的空调系统后，会减少水泵的能耗，但同时会增加冷水机组的能耗，是否达到节能的目的就是比较在空调系统运行过程中水泵能耗的减少量和机组能耗的增加量。查阅相关资料[8]后，可得不同温差条件下空调系统能耗比较表。通过比较可知：不管是冷冻水还是冷却水，流量越小、温差越大，空调系统运行过程中的能耗也就越低，所以采用大温差小流量的空调系统水系统在理论上是可以达到节能的目的，同时流量减小后，使得供水管径相应的变小，也会减少一定初投资。另外采用大温差小流量的系统后，对冷水机组和风机盘管在技术和使用上的要求相应也会发生一定的变化，需要在实际过程中去平衡和调节。表8-2不同温差条件下空调系统能耗比较表方案1方案2方案3方案4冷冻水流量m3/h0.1550.1290.0840.084温差℃5.66.71010进口温度℃12.212.215.515.6出口温度℃6.75.65.65.6冷却水流量m3/h0.1940.1940.1940.129温差℃5.65.65.68.3进口温度℃29.429.429.429.4出口温度℃35353537.8年耗电量kWh压缩机477.231494.871492.466516.377冷却塔147.963148.756148.648114.928冷却水泵218.894126.73137.72537.725冷冻水泵329.508329.508329.50897.534系统总能耗1173.5961099.8661008.347766.564基准方案百分比100%94%86%65%下面以常规的冷冻水温度参数7℃/12℃（温差为5℃）对首层右上水系统重新进行水力计算列于下表。68 本科毕业论文正文表8-3首层右上水系统水力计算表（7℃/12℃）管段流量m3/h管径DN流速m/s管长mRm(Pa/m)Py（Pa）ξP（Pa）Pj（Pa）P（Pa）1--20.17150.24215.71041632.812.529362.51995.32--30.72200.5643.23281049.621593181367.63--41.27250.6164.42811236.421903801616.44--51.8250.8733.65441958.423817622720.45--62.33320.6453.6211759.622084161175.66--72.86320.7913.63121123.223136261749.27--83.39400.7133.6214770.422545081278.48--93.92400.8253.62821015.223406801695.29--104.45400.93615.43595528.6643826288156.611--120.18150.2570.51165812.53319.677.613--120.37150.5286.74332901.12139420.5702012--20.55150.7841.39121185.623077403545.4最不利管路的总压力损失：冷冻水流量约为，冷冻水泵流量为：查资料可得开利42CE004风机盘管的阻力19kpa，所以考虑安装高度后，水泵需要的扬程为19.3m。表8-4首层右上水系统水力计算比较表流量m3/h总压损Pa水泵流量m3/h水泵扬程mH2O7℃/12℃4.45217554.98319.35℃/12℃3.38182103.71819.1通过上面的计算比较可以得出，在增大进出水的温差后，冷冻水泵的扬程确实有一定的减小，也会降低一定的系统运行能耗，相应的冷却水流量减小后，冷却水泵的能耗也会相应的降低。同时采用大温差小流量的空调系统后，普通的风机盘管难以达到相应的去湿和制冷要求，因此需要对风机盘管机组进行一定的改进以增加风机盘管的去湿和制冷能力[8]，可以采取以下的方法加强风机盘管内部的换热能力：增加风机盘管内盘管的排数或者在盘管内加装扰流器加强换热等。68 本科毕业论文正文8.2.3采用降膜式冷水机组[9]降膜式冷水机组采用降膜式蒸发器，制冷剂通过蒸发器顶部的布液器均匀分液后喷淋在蒸发器内的搞笑换热管上，制冷剂在换热管表面形成一层薄薄的制冷剂液膜，吸收管内的热量而蒸发，蒸发后的制冷剂气体通过两侧的气体通道上升只蒸发器顶部，不会与下落的制冷剂的液体形成冲击，下路过程中未蒸发的制冷剂液体在蒸发器底部通过沸腾继续换热，使换热效率达到最高。降膜式冷水机组传热效果好，换热效率高，制冷剂充注量少，相比较满夜式冷水机组具有更高的能效比，同时也更节能更环保。一般满液式冷水机组的能效率在4.5左右，而目前盾安机电正在研发的降膜式冷水机组能效比能达到5.063，节能率：一般螺杆压缩机的使用寿命是15年，采用降膜式冷水机组虽然初始投资会适当上升，但是在实际运行中的节能还是非常可观。8.3节能总结随着空调行业和制冷技术的不断快速发展，中央空调的节能途径也越来越多，节能效果也是越来越好，本次设计我主要采用了上述三种节能方式来降低空调系统的能耗，通过大致的计算可知整个空调系统节能率能达到25%以上，而且如果在实际运行和管理中多加以注意，加强使用者的节能意识[10]，会使整个空调系统的节能率更高，对于一个总冷负荷有750KW的科研大楼来说，其节能效果是非常理想的。68 本科毕业论文正文小结毕业设计差不多要结束了，去年就已经开题，到现在几个月过去了，中间断断续续的做完了毕业设计，通过这次的毕业设计，让我对大学四年所学的专业理论知识有了更深的了解与掌握，同时也将课本理论与实际联系起来，对于中央空调系统的设计，从最初的负荷计算、气流组织计算到最后的风管水管布置与水力计算这一系列过程有了较为全面的了解与掌握。这次毕业设计选择了节能这个方面，一个是因为中央空调系统的设计在《空气调节》这门课的课程设计时做过，所以这次想选择一些其他的方面挑战下自己；另一个是考虑当前节能减排是比较热门的话题，想做设计的时候尽可能的贴近实际一些。这次毕业设计还是遇到了不小的挑战：首先对大二大三学的一些专业理论知识有些淡忘，做设计的时候显得很生疏，所以经常会去翻阅课本和以前做的课程设计或者和同学讨论来让自己尽快熟悉起来；其次就是自己通过理论公式计算出来的数据和实际情况出现偏差，且前面计算的数据后面无法继续计算等，这时候就需要根据实际的经验对每个房间内的人数，设备负荷等进行调整，从负荷开始重新计算，以获得理想的热湿比和方便后面的设计计算。其次就是缺乏实际经验，选择了节能设计，但是自己开始预想的一些节能措施可能在实际中无法实施或者有的节能设想只有理论支持，没有实际运行中或者多次实验的数据去支撑，显得很空洞，设计开题后就查阅了很多资料，自己预想了很多节能措施，除了设计中采用的几点以外还有例如使用多级水泵等，很多时候都需要学校的指导老师和公司里的技术人员进行指导，确定哪些节能措施可行且方便实施等。虽然遇到了一定的挑战，但最后还是按时按质的完成了毕业设计。通过此次的毕业设计加深了理论知识的同时，也让我明白了很多时候理论是实际的支撑，并不完全等于实际，尤其在做设计的时候，更应该注意实际的情况，只有做到理论和实际很好的结合，才能完成一份好的设计。68 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