法学毕业论文文献外文英文翻译

《法学毕业论文文献外文英文翻译》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。

1、法学毕业论文文献外文英文翻译0附件一：英文文献0INTRODUCTION00Offencesofstrictliabilityarethosecrimeswhichdonotrequiremensreawithregardtoatleastoneormoreelementsoftheactusreus.Thedefendantneednothaveintendedorknownaboutthatcircumstanceorconsequence・Liabilityissaidtobestrictwithregardtothatelement・Foragoo

2、dexamplesee:13RvPrince[1875]：Thedefendantranoffwithanunder-agegirl.Hewaschargedwithanoffenceoftakingagirlundertheageof16outofthepossessionofherparentscontrarytos55oftheOffencesAgainstthePersonAct1861.Thedefendantknewthatthegirlwasinthecustodyherfatherbuthebelievedonreasonablegroun

3、dsthatthegirlwasaged18.Itwasheldthatknowledgethatthegirlwasundertheageof16wasnotrequiredinordertoestablishtheoffence・Itwassufficienttoshowthatthedefendantintendedtotakethegirloutofthepossessionofherfather.Itisonlyinextremeandrarecaseswherenomensreaisrequiredforliability,therebymak

4、ingtheparticularoffence"absolute"；・ElGENERALPRINCIPLES0Thevastmajorityofstrictliabilitycrimesarestatutoryoffences.However;statutesdonotstateexplicitlythataparticularoffenceisoneofstrictliability・Whereastatuteusestermssuchas"knowinglyor"recklesslythentheoffencebe

5、ingcreatedisonethatrequiresmensrea・国Alternatively,itmaymakeitclearthatanoffenceofstrictliabilityisbeingcreated・Inmanycasesitwillbeamatterforthecourtstointerpretthestatuteanddecidewhethermensreaisrequiredornot.Whatfactorsaretakenintoaccountbythecourtswhenassessingwhetherornotanoffe

6、ncefallsintothecategoryofstrictliabilityoffences?0THEMODERNCRITERIA囹InGammon(HongKong)LtdvAttorney-GeneralforHongKong[1984],thePrivyCouncil0consideredthescopeandroleofstrictliabilityoffencesinthemoderncriminallawandtheireffectuponthe"presumptionofmensrea".LordScarmanlaid

7、downthecriteriauponwhichacourt0shoulddecidewhetherornotitisappropriatetoimposestrictliability:"lntheirLordshipsopinion,thelaw•••maybestatedinthefollowingpropositions…:(1)thereisapresumptionoflawthatmensreaisrequiredbeforeapersoncanbeheldguiltyofacriminaloffence;(2)thepresumpt

8、ionisparticularlystrongwheretheof