英文翻译外文文献翻译毕业设计外文英文翻译射频与微波应用

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1、附录A英文原文RadioFrequencyandMicrowaveApplicationsA.1IntroductionThischapterlaysthefoundationforunderstandinghigher-frequencywavephenomenaanddividesthetaskofactivecircuitdesignforRE/MVfrequenciesintospecificconceptblocks.Theseconceptblockscreateagradualapproachtounderstandingand

2、designingRF/MWcircuitsandrepresentspecificrealmsofknowledgethatneedtobemasteredtobecomeanaccomplisheddesigner.BeforewedescribeandanalyzethesetypesofwavesweneedtoconsiderwhyRF/microwavesasasubjecthasbecomesoimportant,thatitisplacedattheforefrontofourmoderntechnology.Furtherm

3、ore,weneedtoexpandourmindstothemanypossibilitiesthatthesesignalscanprovideforpeacefulpracticesbyexploringvariouscommercialapplicationsusefultomankind.A1.1AShortHistoryofRFandMicrowavesCirca1864—1873,JamesClarkMaxwellintegratedtheentiretyofman’sknowledgeofelectricityandmagne

4、tismbyintroducingasetoffourcoherentandself-consistentequationsthatdescribethebehaviorofelectricandmagneticfieldsonaclassicallevel.Thiswavthebeginningofmicrowaveengineering,aspresentedinatreatisebyMaxwellatthattime.Hepredicted,purelyfromamathematicalstandpointandonatheoretic

5、albasis,theexistenceofelectromagneticwavepropagationandthatlightwasalsoafromofelectromagneticenergy—bothcompletelynewconceptsatthetime.From1885to1887,OliverHeavisidesimplifiedMaxwell’sworkinhispublishedpapers.From1887to1891,aGermanphysicsprofessor,HeinrichHertz,verifiedMaxw

6、ell’spredictionsexperimentallyanddemonstratedthepropagationofelectromagneticwave.Healsoinvestigatedwavepropagationphenomenaalongtransmissionlineandantennasanddevelopedseveralusefulstructures.Hecouldbecalledthefirstmicrowaveengineer.Marconitriedtocommercializeradioatamuchlow

7、erfrequencyforlong-distancecommunications,butashehadabusinessinterestinallofhisworkanddevelopments,thiswasnotapurelyscientificendeavor.NeitherHertznorHeavisideinvestigatedthepossibilityofelectromagneticwavepropagationinsideahollowmetaltubebecauseitwasfeltthattwoconductorswe

8、renecessaryforthetransferofelectromagneticwaveorenergy.In1897,LordRayleighshowedma