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1、UNIT12ENGLISHIDIOMS(I)Contents英语成语的定义1英语成语的特征及分类2隐喻成语及翻译3汉语：熟语成语狐假虎威，乐不思蜀，三人成虎惯用语拍马屁，走后门，捞油水歇后语擀面杖吹火——一窍不通谚语众人拾柴火焰高Introduction12.1DefinitionofEnglishidiomThespeechproperto,ortypicalof,apeopleorplace;adialectorlocallanguage.Anexpressionuniquetoalangu
2、age,especiallyonewhosesenseisnotpredictablefromthemeaningsandarrangementofitselements.kickthebucket:todieidiomVS.freephrasetakeoffItakemyhatofftohimforthewayhearrangedtheparty.Takeoffyourclothes;they’reverywet.Aliceiscleverattakingofftheheadmistress.
3、Takeyourhandoffmyshoulder.12.2characteristicsofEnglishidiom12.2.1Idiomaticity:referstothenatureofidiomsandthedegreetowhichausagecanberegardedasidiomatic.drygoodstakestepThebabytookherfirststeps.(literal,non-idiomatic)Theytooksomestepstoputthematterri
4、ght.(figurative,grammaticallyopen,semi-idiomatic)Shetookstepstoseethatwasdone.(fullidiomatic,grammaticallyclosed)12.2.2unitarymeaning/semanticunityraincatsanddogs,haveanaxetogrind12.2.3syntacticfrozenness/structuralstabilityTheconstituentsofidiomscan
5、notbereplaced.inabrownstudy,burythehatchet/tomahawkThewordordercannotbeinvertedorchanged.bytwosandthrees,friendandfoe,thelion’sshareTheconstituentsofanidiomcannotbedeletedoraddedto,notevenanarticle.outofthequestion,*build(up)on(the)sandManyidiomsareg
6、rammaticallyunanalysable.likecureslike,diamondcutdiamond,(as)sureaseggsiseggsItain’toveruntilthefatladysings.parodycreativeadaptationontheotherhand/paw12.2.3ClassificationEx.P377-112.3Metaphorical/figurativeidioms12.3.1Definitioneagerbeaver,blackshee
7、p,darkhorsebetweenthedevilandthedeep(blue)seathedeviltopay(andnohotpitch)12.3.2Classificationbeatsb.Blackandblueseeredoutoftheblueshowone’struecolorssailunderfalsecolors12.3.3Source12.3.4Translationinaword,makebrickswithoutstraw,eyeforeye,gild/paintt
8、helily,drinklikeafish,castleintheair,castpearlsbeforeswine*laststraw:It’sthelast/featherthatbreakstheladencamel/horse’sback.lostgeneration,loseface(saveface),feelone’searsburning,hattrick,ivorytower,carrotandstickmanFriday(girlFriday),meetone’sWaterl
