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1、Chapter3AmericanRomanticismIrvingCooperexitcontinueI.HistoricalBackgroundII.GeneralIntroductiontoRomanticismIII.BritishRomanticismIV.AmericanRomanticismV.WashingtonIrvingVIJamesFenimoreCooperexitcontinueI.HistoricalBackgroundPolitical:AfterAmericanRevolution,Americ
2、adevelopedintoapolitical,economicandculturalindependence.Democracyandequalitybecametheidealsofthenewnation.Completechangescameaboutinthepoliticallifeofthecountry.2.Economic:Industrialismspreadwidelyandfast.Alargenumberofimmigrantsarrived.Alltheseproducedaneconomicb
3、oom.3.Boththechangeinpoliticalandtheeconomicdevelopmentbroughtaboutasenseofoptimismandhope.4.Culturally:Magazinesappearedinever-increasingnumbersandtheyplayedanimportantroleinfacilitatingliteraryexpansion.5.ForeigninfluenceaddedincentivetothegrowthofromanticisminAm
4、erica.exitcontinueII.GeneralIntroductiontoRomanticisma.Romanticismisacomplexartistic,literary,andintellectualmovementthatoriginatedinthesecondhalfofthe18thcenturyinWesternEurope,andgainedstrengthduringtheIndustrialRevolution.b.Itwaspartlyarevoltagainstaristocratics
5、ocialandpoliticalnormsoftheAgeofEnlightenmentandareactionagainstthescientificrationalizationofnature,andwasembodiedmoststronglyinthevisualarts,music,andliterature.exitcontinueThemovementstresseda.strongemotionasasourceofaestheticexperience,placingnewemphasisonsuche
6、motionsastrepidation,horrorandawe—especiallythatwhichisexperiencedinconfrontingthesublimityofuntamednatureanditspicturesquequalities,bothnewaestheticcategories.b.Itelevatedfolkartandcustomtosomethingnoble.c.Itarguedfora"natural"epistemologyofhumanactivitiesascondit
7、ionedbynatureintheformoflanguage,customandusage.exitcontinueIII.BritishRomanticismItprevailedinEnglandduringtheperiod(1798-1832).TherearetwoschoolsofRomanticists:a.passiveorescapistThesewritersprotestedagainstcapitalistdevelopmentbyturningtothefeudalpast,turnington
8、atureforprotection.(Wordsworth,Coleridge,Southey)b.active.Theyheldoutanidealofafuturesocietyfreefromoppressionandexploitation.(Byron,Shelly,Keats
