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1、参考文献翻译姓名：董涵月学号：20092311038论文题目:PRINCIPLESANDPRACTICEINSECONDLANGUAGEACQUISITIONTHEAFFLICTERHYPOTHESISTheAffectiveFilterhypothesisstateshowaffectivefactorsrelatetothesecondlanguageacquisitionprocess.TheconceptofanAffectiveFilterwasproposedbyDulayandBurt
2、(1977),andisconsistentwiththetheoreticalworkdoneintheareaofaffectivevariablesandsecondlanguageacquisition,aswellasthehypothesespreviouslycoveredinthischapter.Researchoverthelastdecadehasconfirmedthatavarietyofaffectivevariablesrelatetosuccessinsecondla
3、nguageacquisition(reviewedinKrashen,1981).Mostofthosestudiedcanbeplacedintooneofthesethreecategories:(1)Motivation.Performerswithhighmotivationgenerallydobetterinsecondlanguageacquisition(usually,butnotalways,"integrative"13).(2)Self-confidence.Perform
4、erswithself-confidenceandagoodself-imagetendtodobetterinsecondlanguageacquisition.(3)Anxiety.Lowanxietyappearstobeconducivetosecondlanguageacquisition,whethermeasuredaspersonalorclassroomanxiety.InseveralplacesIhavehypothesizedthattheseattitudinalfacto
5、rsrelatedirectlytoacquisitionandnotlearning,sincetheytendtoshowstrongerrelationshipstosecondlanguageachievementwhencommunicative-typetestsareused,teststhattaptheacquiredratherthanthelearnedsystem,andwhenthestudentstakingthetesthaveusedthelanguagein"acq
6、uisition-rich"situations,situationswherecomprehensibleinputwasplentiful.TheAffectiveFilterhypothesiscapturestherelationshipbetweenaffectivevariablesandtheprocessofsecondlanguageacquisitionbypositingthatacquirersvarywithrespecttothestrengthorlevelofthei
7、rAffectiveFilters.Thosewhoseattitudesarenotoptimalforsecondlanguageacquisitionwillnotonlytendtoseeklessinput,buttheywillalsohaveahighorstrongAffectiveFilter--eveniftheyunderstandthemessage,theinputwillnotreachthepartofthebrainresponsibleforlanguageacqu
8、isition,orthelanguageacquisitiondevice.Thosewithattitudesmoreconducivetosecondlanguageacquisitionwillnotonlyseekandobtainmoreinput,theywillalsohavealowerorweakerfilter.Theywillbemoreopentotheinput,anditwillstrike"deeper"(Stevick,1976).T
