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1、醫學影像原理介紹History1895:WilliamK.RoentgendiscoveredX-rays.1901~1930:intensifyingscreen,tomography,andtherotatinganodetube.~1970:nuclearmedicine.ultrasound,CT,~1980:PET,MRI,Microwave.~future:multi-modalityimagesystem,PACS放射醫學影像介紹何謂醫學影像醫學影像種類傳統X光影像特殊攝影影像電腦
2、斷層影像核磁共振斷層影像核子醫學造影影像其他影像醫學影像資訊結構性影像資訊CT,MRI,X-ray,Ultrasound功能性影像資訊Functional-MRI,NuclearMedicine融合影像資訊CT-SPECT,MRI-SPECTCT-PET,MRI-PETCT-MRICameraprincipleMEDICALIMAGEEQUIPMENTEMWAVESPECTRUMImageSignalTransmissionEmissionMagneticfieldUltrasoundOther
3、:Microwave,laser….RadiationIonization:非粒子輻射X,r–rayNon-ionization:又稱為粒子輻射Particle:X-raybasicprincipleX-rayintroductionWhatisX-ray?InteractionsbetweenX-rayandMatter(1)CoherentScattering(2)PhotoelectricEffect(3)ComptonScattering(4)Pairproduction(5)Photo
4、disintegrationCoherentscatteringPhotoelectriceffectComptonScatterParproductionX-RAYDTETCTORSToproduceanimagefromtheattenuatedX-raybeam,theX-raysneedtobecapturedandconvertedtoimageinformation.TwosystemfortheX-RAYdetectors:Screen-FilmdetectorDetectorsf
5、orcomputerradiographySchematicrepresentationoftheradiographicimagechainX-raytubeX-rayTubeX-raygeneratorX-raydetectorsX-rayFilmTheX-rayFilmisaphotographicfilmconsistingofatransparentplasticsubstratemadeofacetateorpolyesterusuallycoatedonbothsideswitha
6、light-sensitiveemulsion.OpticalDensityD=Log10(Ii/It)D:theopticaldensityIi:incidentlightintensityIt:transmittedlightintensityX-rayFilmDouble–EmulsionFilmThefilmusedindailyradiologicalpracticeiscoatedonbothsidesofthefilmsubstrate.Itpreventsbendingofthe
7、film,becausethefilmwillbendifcoatedonlyonesidewhentheemulsionbecomesdryandshrink.Itdoublesfilmcontrast.診斷型X光機血管攝影X光機移動型X光機與C型X光機數位型X光機數位化X光機(DigitalRadiographicSystemClinicalApplicationClinicalApplication傳統式X光的缺點2Dprojectionof3DstructureLostdepthinfo
8、rmationOverlappingplaneCannotdiffersofttissueCannotquantitativeX-RaysComputerTomographyBasicScanningprodureinCTBasicScanningprodureinCTCTgenerationFirstgeneration:onex-raytube,onedetectorSecondarygeneration:onex-raytube,manydetectorsThirdgeneration:o
