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1、TheMostInnovativeCitiesinAmericaBYLydiaBelangerMeetthe20Americancitiesthatreceivedthemostpatentssincetheyear2000.Plus,alookatthemetroareasthatdominatethemostpatentcategories.332SHARESTechnologicalbreakthroughsarecontagious:Theybreakoutinspecificareas,thenspread.Toidentifythemostinnovativecitieso
2、fthe21stcentury,wecompiledU.S.PatentandTrademarkOfficedataonutilitypatents(foranewinventionorprocess)issuedbetween2000and2011--andanalyzedwhichmetropolitanareaswerethenationalleadersineachpatentcategory.Wefoundseveralhubsofindustryfuelingnewideas.Theseinnovationclusterscreatean"ecosystemeffect,"
3、saysStevenPedigo,adirectorattheCreativeClassGroup,anadvisorygroupfoundedbyurbantheoristRichardFlorida."It'saconcentrationofassets,"Pedigosays."Companieshaveeverythingtheyneedtobesuccessful:talent,capital,otherfirms."Andthere'snothinglikealittlecompetitiontomakeyoumoreresourceful. SiliconValleyNo
4、.1intheseclasses:Semiconductormanufacturing;multiplexcommunications;solid-statedevices.PatentLeader:Morethan10,000patentswereissuedtoorganizationsintheSanJoseareain2011,nearly10percentofallU.S.patentsissuedthatyear.SiliconValleyalsoleadsin66ofthe400patentclasses,themostinthenation.TechTown Ofcou
5、rse,manycategoriesareinhightech:semiconductors,networking,andartificialintelligence.Somesurprises:televisionandmetalworking.Portland,OregonNo.1intheseclasses:Shoes;imageprojectors;typewritingmachines.Toehold:Portlandholdsthemostpatentsinsomeshoe-relatedclasses.AfterNikelaunchedin1964,otherathlet
6、icfootwearbusinessesflockedtothearea,includingAdidasandKeen.MeetingProjections:Portlandleadsinafewotherclasses,includingimageprojectors(Epsonhasoperationsnearby).LosAngelesNo.1intheseclasses:Surgery(medicatorsandreceptors);illumination;aeronauticsandastronautics.MoviesandMeds:LosAngelesisNo.1in4
7、6patentclasses,includingmanyassociatedwithHollywood--lighting,audio,andmotion-pictureoptics.Hometoseveralmedicalschools,hospitals,andmedical-devicemakers,L.A.alsodominatessomemedical-patentclasses,includingsyringes,dentistry
