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1、化学发展简史(AbriefhistoryofChemistry)1.1,thepreludeofChemistry1.thestartingpointofhumancivilization一theuseoffireInmillionsofyearsago,peoplelivedaprimitivelifeisverysimple,livedbyhunting,eatingrawmeatandfruit・Accordingtoarchaeologists,atleast500thousandyearsago,itwaspossibletofin
2、devideneeofhumanfire,thefossilbonesofburnedanimalsfoundinplaceswhereBeijing,Zhoukoudian,andBeijinglived・Thereisafire,theoriginalpeoplebidfarewelltothenascentlife.Aftereatingthecookedfood,thehumanhasenhancedthehealth,theintelligencehasalsodeveloped,enhancedthesurvivalability
3、・Later,peoplelearnedtofireandfrictionZuanmuquhuo,sothefirecancarry.PeoplearenoIongerthecaretakersofthefire,butthefiremakerswhocancontrolthefire・Thefireisthehumantoinventtoolsandweaponstocreatewealth,theuseoffirecanproduceallkindsofchemicalreactions,humanbeingceramics,metall
4、urgy,brewingprocess,intothebroadproductionandlifeworld.2.,alonghistoryofmakingpotteryWhenpotterywasinventedhasbeenhardtoprove・Theoriginofpotteryisdifferent,somepeoplespeculatedthat:themostprimitivehumanlifecontainersaremadeofbranches,inordertomakeitfire-resistant,anddensese
5、amless,ofteninthecontainerinsideandoutsidealayerofclay.Thecontainersareoccasionallyburnedbyfire,wherethebranchesareburned,buttheclaydoesnotcatchfire,notonlyremains,butbecomesharder,betterthanbeforethefire・Thisaccidentalincidenthasinspiredpeoplegreat1y.Later,peoplesimplystop
6、pedusingthebranchesasskeletonsandbegantopoundtheclayconsciously.Mixwithwater,kneadtoaverysoftdegree,thenmakeavarietyofshapes,placethemunderthesun,andthenburnthemonafiretomakethefirstpottery.About10thousandyearsago,Chinabegantoproducepotterykilns,andbecamethefirstcountrytopr
7、oducepottery.Theinventionofpotterywasamajorbreakthroughinmanufacturingtechnology.Thepottingprocesshaschangedthenatureofclay,thecompositionofsilica,claythreetwoaluminumoxide,calciumcarbonate,suchasMagnesiumOxidehadaseriesofchemicalchangesinthefiringprocess,thepotteryhasexcel
8、lentwaterproofanddurableproperties.Therefore,potterynotonlyhasnewtechnicalsignific
