IB Biology SL. IB生物标准课程词汇. Glossary_of_terms_for_biology_SL_at_CAIS

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1、GlossaryoftermsforbiologySLatCAIS.ThefollowingarethedefinitionsyouwillneedtoknowduringtheIBbiologycourse.Someofthesedefinitionscorrespondtothecommandterm“define”whereasotherscorrespondtodifferentcommandtermssuchas“state”,“outline”and“distinguish”whereyoumayneedaspec

2、ificdefinitionorconcept.AssessmentstatementDefinitions1.1.1Statethaterrorbarsareagraphicalrepresentationofthevariabilityofdata.Errorbarscanbeusedtoshoweithertherangeofthedataorthestandarddeviation.1.1.3Statethatthetermstandarddeviationisusedtosummarizethespreadofval

3、uesaroundthemean,andthat68%ofthevaluesfallwithinonestandarddeviationofthemean.Fornormallydistributeddata,about68%ofallvaluesliewithin±1standarddeviation(sorσ)ofthemean.Thisrisestoabout95%for±2standarddeviations.2.1.7Statethatmulticellularorganismsshowemergentpropert

4、ies.Emergentpropertiesarisefromtheinteractionofcomponentparts:thewholeisgreaterthanthesumofitsparts.2.4.4DefinediffusionandosmosisDiffusionisthepassivemovementofparticlesfromaregionofhighconcentrationtoaregionoflowconcentration.Osmosisisthepassivemovementofwatermole

5、cules,acrossapartiallypermeablemembrane,fromaregionoflowersoluteconcentrationtoaregionofhighersoluteconcentration.3.2.1Distinguishbetweenorganicandinorganiccompounds.Compoundscontainingcarbonthatarefoundinlivingorganisms(excepthydrogencarbonates,carbonatesandoxideso

6、fcarbon)areregardedasorganic.Allcompoundsthatcontainnocarbonareinorganic3.6.1Defineenzymeandactivesite.EnzymesareglobularproteinswhichactasacatalystsofchemicalreactionActivesiteisaregiononthesurfaceofanenzymetowhichsubstratesbindandwhichcatalysesachemicalreactioninv

7、olvingthesubstrates.3.6.4Definedenaturation.Denaturationisastructuralchangeinaproteinthatresultsintheloss(usuallypermanent)ofitsbiologicalproperties.ReferonlytoheatandpHasagents.3.7.1Definecellrespiration.Cellrespirationisthecontrolledreleaseofenergyfromorganiccompo

8、undsincellstoformATP.4.1.2Definegene,alleleandgenome.Gene:aheritablefactorthatcontrolsaspecificcharacteristic.Allele:onespecificformofagen