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时间:2019-09-18
《定语从句讲解1》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、定语从句:第一讲TheAttributiveClauseI.定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。Themanwhovisitedourclassyesterdayisournewheadmaster.()()1.在复句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。2.定语从句所修饰或限制的词叫先行词(antecedent)。定语从句置于先行词之后。3.引导定语从句的连词叫关系代词或关系副词。that指物,有时指人,在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。关系代词who指人,在从句中作主语或宾语。whom指人,在从句中作宾语。II.引导词:whose指人或
2、指物,作定语。as指人或指物,在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。如果先行词是指人,用who,whom,whose,that引导定语从句。如果先行词是指物,用that,which,whose引导。III分类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句Thosewhoarewillingtoattendthepartysignhereplease.ItwasheardinBeijing,whichisonehundredkilometersaway.IV.一、考点聚焦1、功能:
3、相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语2、位置:定语从句置于被修饰词之后.Thosewhoarewillingtoattendthepartysignhereplease.3、先行词:被定语从句修饰/限制先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点:①先行词在从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。Thisistheplacewhichisworthvisiting.(which=theplace)②关系词在从句中充当了成分,其意思就是先行词的意义,所以在从句中不能重复其意。Therearemanyplaces(that)wecanvisitinChina.(that=places
4、)二、关系代词引导的定语从句:TheboywhoissmilingisTom.TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Theman(who)/(whom)everyonelikesiskind.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhich/thatiseatingherflowers.Canyoulendmethebook
5、(which/that)youtalkedaboutlastnight?Heistheman(that/who/whom)Itoldyouabout.Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.DoyouknowthegirlwhosefatherdiedinIraq?whose在定语从句中作定语,表示引导词与whose后的名词为所属关系。whose多指人,也可指物,指物时可与ofwhich互换使用。Whose用来代替his,her,their,its.关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在
6、句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时,可以省略。1)who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)Heistheman(whom/that)Isawyesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2)Whose用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同ofwhich互换),例如:Theyrushedov
7、ertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。3)which,that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.
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