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时间:2019-09-17
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1、被动语态(PassiveVoice)上海市继光初级中学英语教研组【语态】(Voice)(主动语态和被动语态)1、语态的分类:(1)主动语态:动作的执行者作主语。(2)被动语态:动作的承受者作主语。2、被动语态的动词特征:助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(简称:be+p.p.),变否疑。3、被动语态的时态:(1)一般现在时的被动语态:is/am/are+p.p.否定:isn’t/amnot/aren’t+p.p.(2)一般过去时的被动语态:was/were+p.p.否定:wasn’t/weren’t+p.p.(3)一般将来时的被动语态:wi
2、ll+be+p.p.否定:won’tbe+p.p.(4)情态动词的被动语态:must/can/may+be+p.p.否定:mustn’t/can’t/maynot+be+p.p.(5)现在完成时的被动语态:have/has+been+p.p.否定:haven’t/hasn’t+been+p.p.(说明:以上5种为必须要掌握的形式,以下3种为了解的形式。)(6)现在进行时的被动语态:is/am/are+being+p.p.否定:isn’t/amnot/aren’t+being+p.p.(7)过去完成时的被动语态;had+been+p.p.
3、否定:hadn’t+been+p.p.(8)过去将来时的被动语态:would+be+p.p.否定:wouldn’t+be+p.p.e.g.,(1)Theexercisemust____________(finish)today.(2)Football_________(play)intheworld.(3)Mywallet___________(steal)yesterday.(4)Thebridge___________(build)now.(5)Thestory_____________(read)bymeforthreeweeks
4、.Keys(参考答案):(1)befinished(2)isplayed(3)wasstolen(4)isbeingbuilt(5)hasbeenread4、被动语态的变化步骤:(1)划分主语、谓语和宾语(2)将主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语(3)将主动语态的动词变成be+p.p.形式(要保持原来的时态形式)(注意动词的时态形式和主语的单数和复数形式)(4)将主动语态的主语变成“by+宾格”结构(可以省略)e.g.(1)Peoplenamedthetwopandas“Tuantuan”and“Yuanyuan”.(2)Wewillfi
5、nishtheworkintwodays.(3)Wemustprotectforests.(4)Ihavekeptthedogfortwoyears.*(5)Didthedogeatthemeat?*(6)Whohastakethebooksaway?Keys(参考答案):(1)Thetwopandaswerenamed“Tuantuan”and“Yuanyuan”(bypeople).(2)Theworkwillbefinished(byus)intwodays.(3)Forestsmustbeprotected(byus).(4)T
6、hedoghasbeenkept(byme)fortwodays.6(5)Wasthemeateatenbythedog?(6)Who(m)havethebooksbeentakenawayby?5、不用被动语态动词:6(1)have有(2)look,sound,smell,taste等连系动词(3)takeplace/happen(4)getto/arrive(at/in)/reach到达(5)rise升起,上升(6)ring(铃响)(7)begin/start开始(8)lie躺,说谎6※Thebooksellswell.(这本卖得好
7、)※Themeatcookswell.(8)return(回来,回归—不用被动,归还—可用被动语态)(9)leave(离开—不用被动语态,留下/遗忘—可用被动语态)e.g.(1)Theidea________(sound)great.Let’sgotogether.(2)Thestory_________(happen)inUSAtenyearsago.(3)TheOlympics__________(takeplace)inBeijingin2008.(4)Thekindofbicycle______(sell)well.Keys(参
8、考答案):(1)sounds(2)happened(3)tookplace(4)sells6、常用被动语态:(1)belocatedin(2)becoveredwith(3)becalled(4)bemad
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