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1、ChineseliteratureChineseliteratureextendsthousandsofyears,fromtheearliestrecordeddynasticcourtarchivestothematurefictionalnovelsthataroseduringtheMingDynastytoentertainthemassesofliterateChinese.TheintroductionofwidespreadwoodblockprintingduringtheTangDynasty(618–907)andtheinventiono
2、fmovabletypeprintingbyBiSheng(990–1051)duringtheSongDynasty(960–1279)rapidlyspreadwrittenknowledgethroughoutChina.Inmoremoderntimes,theauthorLuXun(1881–1936)isconsideredthefounderofbaihualiteratureinChina.ClassicaltextsMainarticles:ChineseclassicsandListofChineselanguagepoetsThereisa
3、wealthofearlyChineseliteraturedatingfromtheHundredSchoolsofThoughtthatoccurredduringtheEasternZhouDynasty(770-256BCE).ThemostimportantoftheseincludetheClassicsofConfucianism,ofDaoism,ofMohism,ofLegalism,aswellasworksofmilitaryscienceandChinesehistory.Notethatexceptforthebooksofpoemsa
4、ndsongs,mostofthisliteratureisphilosophicalanddidactic;thereislittleinthewayoffiction.However,thesetextsmaintainedtheirsignificancethroughboththeirideasandtheirprosestyle.TheConfucianworksinparticularhavebeenofkeyimportancetoChinesecultureandhistory,asasetofworksknownastheFourBooksan
5、dFiveClassicswere,inthe12thcenturyCE,chosenasthebasisfortheImperialexaminationforanygovernmentpost.Theseninebooksthereforebecamethecenteroftheeducationalsystem.Theyhavebeengroupedintotwocategories:theFiveClassics,allegedlycompiledbyConfucius,andtheFourBooks,whichwerecompiledinthe12th
6、centuryCE.TheFiveClassicsinclude:TheIChing,orBookofChanges,adivinationmanualattributedtothemythicalemperorFuXiandbasedoneighttrigrams.TheIChingisstillusedbyadherentsoffolkreligion.TheClassicofPoetry,acollectionoffolksongs,festivalandceremonialsongs,andreligioushymnsandeulogies.TheRec
7、ordofRites(arecreationoftheoriginalClassicofRites,whichwaslostintheImperialbookpurge),whichdescribesancientritesandcourtceremonies.TheClassicofHistory,acollectionofdocumentsandspeechesallegedlywrittenbyrulersandofficialsoftheearlyZhouperiodandbefore.ItcontainsthebestexamplesofearlyCh
8、ineseprose.T
