材料专业词汇列表

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1、专业词汇列表晶体结构(structureofcrystal)原子质量单位Atomicmassunit(amu)原子量Atomicweight键能Bondingenergy共价键Covalentbond电子构型electronicconfiguration正电的Electropositive氢键llydrogenbond同位素Isotope摩尔Mole泡利不相容原理Pauliexclusionprinciplc原子atom分子量moleculeweight量子数quantumnumber范德华键vtmderwaalsbond点群pointgroup各向异性a

2、nisotropy体心立方结构body-centeredcubic(BCC)布拉格定律bragg"slaw晶体结构crystalstructure晶体的crystalline中子衍射neutrondiffraction晶界grainboundtiry鲍林规则Pauling"srulesCsCl型结构CaesiumChloridestructure纤锌矿型结构Wurtzitestructure萤石型结构Fluoritestructure尖晶石型结构Spinel-typestructure岛状结构Islandstructure层状结构Layerstructur

3、e滑石talc高岭石kao1inite长石feldspar齐向同性的isotropic晶格lattice密勒指数millerindices多品的polycrystalline原子数Atomicnumber波尔原了模型Bohratomicmodel库仑力Coulombicforce分子的构型molecularconfiguration负电的Electroncgative基态Groundstate离子键Ionicbond金属键Metallicbond分子Molecule元索周期农Periodictable极性分子Polarmolecule价电了valencee

4、lectron电子轨道electronorbitals对称耍素symmetryelements原子堆积因数atomicpackingfactor(API7)而心立方结构face-centeredcubic(FCC)配位数coordinationnumber晶系crystalsystem衍射diffraction电子衍射electrondiffraction六方密堆枳hexagonalclose-packed(I1CP)NaCI型结构NaCI—typestructure闪锌矿型结构Blende-typestructure金红石型结构Rutilestructu

5、re钙钛矿型结构Perovskite-typestructure硅酸盐结构Structureofsi1icates链状结构Chainstructure架状结构I?rameworkstructure叶蜡石pyrophyllite石英quartz美橄榄石forsterite各向异性的anisotropy晶格参数latticepartimeters非结晶的noncrystal1ine多晶形polymorphism单晶singlecrystai电位electronstates电子electrons金屈键metal1icbonding极性分子polarmolecul

6、es衍射角diffractionangle粒度，晶粒大小grainsize显微照相photomicrograph透射电子显微镜transmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM)四方的tetragonal配位数coordinationnumber晶胞unitcel1（化合）价valence共价键covalentbonding离子键Ionicbonding原子面密度atomicplanardensity合金alloy显微结构microstructure扫描电子显微镜seanningclcctronmicroscope(SEM)重量百分数we

7、ightpercent单斜的monoclinic晶体结构缺陷(defectofcrystalstrueture)缺陷defect,imperfection线缺陷1inedefect,dislocation体缺陷volumedefect位错线dislocationline螺位错screwdislocation品界grainboundaries小角度晶界tiItboundary,位错阵列dislocationarray位错轴dislocationaxis位错爬移dislocationclimb位错滑移dislocationslip位错裂纹dislocation

8、crack位错密度dislocationdonsity间隙原子in