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1、成人本科学位英语串讲讲义（二）三、虚拟语气赵文通考试重点：1.条件句中的虚拟语气例１：IwouldaskGeorgetolendusthemoneyifI______him.A.hadknownB.haveknownC.knewD.wouldknow例２：Ifabettermaterial______,thestrengthofthepartwouldhavebeenincreased.A.hadbeenusedB.hadbeenusingC.beingusedD.using条件句中的虚拟语气需要注意以下三点：?如果条件句中有were,had,should时，可以把if省
2、略，然后把这三个单词提前，形成倒装。例3：_____theadviceofhisfriends,hewouldnothavesufferedsuchaheavylossinhisbusiness.A.IfhetookB.ifheshouldtakeC.WerehetotakeD.Hadhetaken ?含蓄条件句中虚拟语气的应用三级考试中经常出现的三个句型：Butfor/without…，…………,otherwise/or………,but/though….例４：Butforyourhelp,I_____theworkintime.A.didnotfinishB.couldn
3、otfinishA.willnotfinishD.wouldnothavefinished例５：Withoutelectricity,humanlife_____quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe例６：Hewasverybusyyesterday;otherwisehe_____tothemeeting.A.wouldhavecomeB.wouldcomeC.couldcomeD.hadcome例７：Wewouldhavemadealotofmoney,butwehalfwayA.gaveupB
4、.hadgivenupC.wouldgiveupD.weretogiveup ?错综时间条件句例８：IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavemissedthefilmlastnight. 2.(should)+动词原形在某些从句中的应用?1)当宾语从句从的谓语是suggest,request,insist,desire,demand,propose,order,command,arrange等动词时,如:例１：Isuggestedthatweshouldgothereonfoot.注意:当insist表示坚持认为之意时,不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气.如:例２：Them
5、aninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney?2)Itisordered/desired/decided/requested/strange/important/natural/等后的主语从句中例３：Itisdesiredthatweshouldgeteverythingreadytonight?3)advice,idea,order,plan,demand,proposal,suggestion,request等名词之后的表语从句和同位语从句中.如:例４：Mysuggestionisthatweshouldholdameetingthis
6、evening 3.wish后的宾与从句中应当用虚拟语气4.ifonly引导的感叹句中5.asif/asthough引导的状语从句中6.wouldrather后的句子的虚拟语气谓语动词用过去式7.itis(high)timethat….句型中,从句的谓语动词用过去式 四、非谓语动词1.不定式?不定式的逻辑主语例１：Theroadiswildenoughforcarstopassby.例２：Itisimportantforyoutoworkhard.例３：Itiskindofyoutohelpme. ?不定式的时态和语态例４：Themagnificentmuseumiss
7、aid_____aboutahundredyearsago.A.tobebuiltB.tohavebeenbuiltC.tohavebuiltD.tohavebeingbuilt ?使用不带to的不定式1)whynotdo表示委婉的建议例１：Whynot_____ProfessorLiforhelp?Heiskind-heartedandwillingtohelp.A.askB.youaskC.toaskD.yourasking 2)使役动词have,make,let的后面接不定式做宾语补足语时，用省to的不定式。例２：The
