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1、Section12阅读理解❶社会生活类主旨大意题解题技巧【考题探究】阅读理解非常重要的一个技巧就是在阅读迅速地抓住文章或段落的主旨大意,也就是心思想。一篇文章通常是围绕一个心思想展开的。要领悟文章的主旨大意,这就需要考生具备归纳和概括等方而的能力。而这种归纳和概括能力又常常是考试考查的重点。研读高考真题,我们会总结出,对于文章或段落的主旨概括设问的形式一般是:1•Themainideaofthepassage(text)is•2.Thetext(passage)ismainlyabout.3.Wh
2、atdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss(dealith)?4.Whichofthefolloingsentencesbestexpressesthemainidea?5.Themainpointofthepassageis•6.Thebestheadlineforthisnespaperarticleouldbe.7.Whichofthefolloingisthebesttitletobegiventothearticle?8・Whatisthetopicofthetext?9
3、・Themainpurposeofthestoryistotellus•10.Theconclusionecangetfromthestoryis.大家只耍记住,看到问题使用mainly,main,title,headline,topic,conclusion等词时,就能仔细领会文章的主旨大意了。【方法指导】文章(或段落)的构成有其内在的规律性,其心思想往往是通过主题句体现的。因此考生对以下四种结构应首先有所了解,然后通过一系列有意识的训练进而掌握它们。1.主题句在篇(段)首的结构这种结构通常用演
4、绎法撰写,遵循从一般到个别(特殊)的步骤,即先概述,然后用细节加以说明。JaneClark,fairhaired,blueeyedandtoughassteel,hasjustonthemostdifficultraceintheorldlnseventeendaysshedroveadogteamandsledge(雪橇)across1,050milesoftheArcticCircleandthroughsomeofthemostdifficultlandintheorldlnbitter(朿
5、!J骨的)indsandsnostormsshedroveherdogsalongtheArctictrack,intemperaturesthatreached一38°CWhenJaneasaskedhoshefeltaboutbeingthefirstomanevertointherace,shesaid,“Istillcan'tbelieveit”ShethenentovertoinspectherthirteenildeyeddogsDavidWilson,hocamesecond,sai
6、d,“ItsurehurtshenayoungomanisaheadofyouButitdoesn'thurtforlongSheasagoodinner"Whichofthefolloingbestgivesthemainideaofthisnespaperarticle?A.Womaninstheorld'stoughestrace!B.Womanfightsbitterindsandsnostorms!C.Womaninsasledgeraceintheorld!D.Womandrivesa
7、dogteamacrosstheArctic!解析这篇文章的首句就是主题句,其后的句子或是具体说明“世界上最困难的比赛”,或是从侧面说明赢得这场比赛的不容易。本篇的终结句进一步呼应了主题句。所以答案是A。答案A1.主题句在末尾的结构尾句是主题句的结构通常是用归纳法撰写的,其步骤是先表述细节或交代论据,最后做出概括性的结论,以总结性的句子收尾。这种写作方法的特点是从个别到一般,由特殊性到共性。OnthenightofthepartyMerlinrolledintotheroomplayinghisv
8、iolinEveryoneasastonishedtoseehimThereasjustoneproblemMerlinhadnoaytostophisrollerskatesHerolledonandonSuddenly,heranintoahugemirrorthatashangingontheallDonfellthemirror,breakingintopiecesNobodyforgotMerlin^sgrandentranceforalongtime!Whatisthe