2015英语考研大纲附录

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1、常用的前缀和后缀，部分国家（或地区）、语言、国民及国籍表，洲名及常见缩写词一、常用的前缀和后缀1、常用前缀aero-：concerningtheairofaircraftplane-aeroplane飞机space-aerospace航空空间anti-：against；oppositeofnuclear-antinuclear反对核武器的matter-antimatter反物质war-antiwar反战的auto-：oforbyoneselfbiography传记–autobiography自传criticism批评-autocriticism自我反省be-：t

2、otreatasthestatedthingfriend-befriend以朋友的方式对待；照顾little-belittle使显得微小，轻视、贬低bi-：two；twice；doublelingual-bilingual双语的；人cycle-bicyclebio-：concerninglivingthingschemistry-biochemistry生化sphere-biosphere生物圈by-，bye-：lessimportantproduce-by-produceway-byway偏僻小路；学科的次要领域，冷门centi-：hundredthpartg

3、rade-centigradeˈ摄氏meter-centimeter厘米co-：together，withauthor-coauthor合著者，合著exist-coexist同时共存、和平共处col-：(usedbeforel)together，withlocation-collocation排列，配置，词的搭配com-：(usedbeforeb，m，p)together，withpassion-compassion怜悯、同情con-：together，withcentric-concentric同一中心的、同轴federation-confederation结

4、盟同盟，联邦contra-：oppositediction-contradiction矛盾、否定反驳natural-contranatural违背自然的cor-：(usedbeforer)together，withrelate-correlate有相关性respond-correspond相符合相一致，相当类似通信counter-：oppositeact-counteract对抗、抵消attack-counterattack反攻、反击cross-：across；goingbetweenthestatedthingsandjoiningthemcountry-cr

5、osscountry越野的breed-crossbreed杂种，使杂交de-：showinganopposite；toremove；toreducecode-decode译码、解码、分析电子信号value-devalue贬值，贬低dis-：not；theoppositeofadvantage-disadvantage不利、劣势、短处agree-disagree不同意、不一致、不适合honest-dishonest不诚实、不老实em-：(usedbeforeb，m，p)tocausetobecomebody-embody表现、象征；包括、包含power-empow

6、er授权、准许en-：tocausetobecome；tomakedanger-endanger危及、使遭受危险large-enlarge扩大、扩充放大ex-：former(andstillliving)minister-ex-ministerv辅助;服侍,部长wife-ex-wife前妻extra-：outside；beyondcurricular-extracurricular学校课程以外的ordinary-extraordinary奇怪；特别；额外，临时fore-：inadvance，before；inoratthefrontarm-forearm前臂，预

7、先武装warn-forewarn预先警告；事先告知il-：(usedbeforel)notlegal-illegal非法literate-illiterate目不识丁、文盲的im-：(usedbeforeb，m，p)notmoral-immoral不道德、邪恶；放荡的possible-impossible不可能、办不到的；很难接受in-：notdirect-indirect间接地，婉转的sensitive-insensitive感觉迟钝，不友好的；麻木infra-：belowinarange；beyondred-infrared红外线的structure—inf

8、rastructure基