高考英语二轮专题复习课件-名词

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1、高考二轮专题复习语法讲解二、名词名词（n.）表示人、事务、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。五、名词在句子中的作用（Function)功能例子Bushwaselectedpresident.Thesearenotgoatsbutsheep.Shewasreadingabook.Mr.Smith,themanager,willhostthemeeting.Youaresupposedtogatherattheschoolgate.MarxmadeLondonthebaseofrevolution.Thecouple

2、walkedshouldertoshoulder.Bequiet,children.Themomenttheysawthetower,theycheered.主语表语宾语同位语定语补语状语呼语连词一、分类(Classification)A:专有名词(Propernouns)B:普通名词(Commonnouns)Countablenouns(可数名词)Uncountablenouns(不可数名词)IndividualNouns（个体名词）CollectiveNouns（集体名词）AbstractNouns（

3、抽象名词）MaterialNouns（物质名词）二、数(Number)A:Singularnumber(单数)B:Pluralnumber(复数)（1）一般的词，包括元音字母加y结尾的词，直接在词尾加－s例如book-books（2）以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的词在词尾加－es，例如bus-buses（3）以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i再加－es，例如family-families1.规则名词单复数变化:（4）以o结尾的词：一般加es:tomato,potato,hero,另：zero（zeros

4、或zeroes）特殊的加s:photo,radio,piano,zoo,studio,bamboo,tobacco,（5）以f或fe结尾的词:变f为v再加es：life,wife,knife,half,leaf,wolf,thief直接加s：roof,proof,belief,chief,gulf,另外：handkerchief（handkerchiefs或handkerchieves）beef（beeves菜牛、beefs怨言；牢骚）1：---Howmanydoesacowhave?---Four.A．

5、stomachesB．stomachC．stomachsD．stomachies2：The______ofthebuildingarecoveredwithlotsof______.A．roofs;leavesB．rooves;leafsC．roof;leafD．roofs;leafsWhenthefarmerreturnedhomehefoundthree______missing.A．sheepsB．sheepesC．sheepD．sheepies2.不规则名词单复数变化:（1）单复数同形:sh

6、eep,deer,fish,means,species,species,works(工厂),aircraft,spacecraft,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss（2）改变字母：man--men,woman--women,policeman--policemen,saleswoman--saleswomen,foot--feet,tooth--teeth,goose--geese,Mouse--Mice,另：penny（pence或pennies）（3）增加字母:child--childre

7、n,ox--oxen3.名词单复数的特殊情况:(1)集体名词只用作复数：police,cattle,people,poultry,theyouth(2)集体名词用作不可数名词:clothing,jewellery,furniture,luggage(baggage),wealth,(3)集体名词视具体情况而定单复数（做主语表整体时，谓语动词是单数；表成员时，谓语动词是复数）family,class,population,staff,crew,couple,public,group,team,party,c

8、lub,company,government,audience,enemy(4)只有复数形式的名词:clothes,trousers,jeans,twins,glasses,scissors,handcuffs,goods,wishes,tears,troops(5)以s结尾但不表示复数:mathematics,physics,politics,statistics,news,woods(森林),works(工厂)(6)有没有