专八必备的英国人文地理知识

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1、第一部分英国第一章英国地理1.TheofficialnameoftheUnitedKingdomistheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.2.TherearethreepoliticaldivisionsontheislandsofGreatBritain:England,ScotlandandWales.3.Aboutahundredyearsago,Britainruledanempirethathadonefourthoftheworld’speopleandonefourthoftheworld’slanda

2、rea.4.TheBritainEmpirewasreplacedbytheBritaincommonwealthin1931,whichisafreeassociationofindependentcountiesthatwereoncecoloniesofBritain.5.BritainisseparatedfromtherestofEuropebytheEnglishChannelinthesouthandtheNorthSeaintheeast.6.Britainhas,forcenturies,beentiltingwiththenorthwestslowlyri

3、sing,andthesoutheastslowlysinking.ThenorthandwestofBritainaremainlyhighlands.Thesoutheastandeastaremainlylowlands.7.Thepennies,arangeofhillsrunningfromnorthmidlandstoScottishborder,aretheprincipalmountainchain.8.BenNevisinScotlandisthehighestmountaininBritain,andtheLoughNeaghinNorthernIrela

4、ndisthelargestlakeinBritain.9.TherearethreenaturalzonesinScotland:thehighlandsinthenorth,thecentrallowlands,andthesouthernuplands.ThelowlandsinthecentercomprisemostlytheforthandClydevalleys.10.Edinburgh,CardiffandBelfastarethecapitalsofScotland,WalesandNorthernIreland.11.Scotlandhasabout800

5、islands,includingtheOrkney,ShetlandsandHebrides.苏格兰有800座岛屿，包括奥克内群岛，谢特兰群岛和赫不里德群岛。12.Besides,theTweed,theTyne,theTeesandtheThamesRiversontheeastcoastallfacetheNorthSeaportsontheEuropeancontinent.除此以外，东海岸的邓恩河，泰河，迪斯河和泰晤士河都面临欧洲大陆上的北海各港口。13.ThelongestriverinBritainistheSevernRiver.Themostimportan

6、triverisThamesRiver.RiverClydeisthemostimportantriverinScotland.英国最长的河流是赛文河，最重要的河流是泰晤士河。克莱德河是苏格兰最重要的河流。14.ThoughtheweatherinBritainissochangeableandunpredictable,theclimateisinfactafavorableone.Britainhasasteadyreliablerainfallthroughoutthewholeyear.虽然英国的天气总是如此变化无常，无法预测，但实际上英国的天气相当宜人。英国全年有稳

7、定的降雨量。15.Britainhasapopulationof57411000.itisadenselypopulatedcountrywithanaverageof237peoplepersquarekilometer,anditisveryunevenlydistributed.90%ofthepopulationisurban,andonly10%isrural.英国人口为57411000。它是一个人口稠密，分布不均的国家，每平方公里平均237人，90％的人生活在城镇，只有10％的人居住在农村。