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2009年英语专八真题与答案解析TIMELIMIT:195MIN PARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(35MIN) SECTIONAMINI-LECTURE Inthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCEONLYWhile listening,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Yournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneed themtocompleteagap-fillingtaskafterthemini-lecture.Whenthelectureisover,youwillbe giventwominutestocheckyournotes,andanothertenminutestocompletethegap-filling taskonANSWERSHEETONE.Usetheblanksheetfornote-taking. WritingExperimentalReports I.Contentofanexperimentalreport,e.g. ---studysubject/area ---studypurpose ---____1____ II.Presentationofanexperimentalreport ---providingdetails ---regardingreadersas_____2_____ III.Structureofanexperimentalreport ---feature:highlystructuredand____3____ ---sectionsandtheircontent: INTRODUCTION____4____;whyyoudidit METHODhowyoudidit RESULTwhatyoufoundout ____5____whatyouthinkitshows IV.Senseofreadership ---____6____:readeristhemarker ---____7____:readerisanidealized,hypothetical,intelligentpersonwithlittleknowledgeofyourstudy ---taskstofulfillinanexperimentalreport:introductiontorelevantarean necessarybackgroundinformationn developmentofclearargumentsn definitionoftechnicaltermsn precisedescriptionofdata____8____n V.Demandsandexpectationsinreportwriting ---earlystage:understandingofstudysubject/areaanditsimplicationsn basicgraspofthereport’sformatn ---laterstage:____9____onresearchsignificancen ---thingstoavoidinwritingINTRODUCTION:inadequatematerialn ____10____ofresearchjustificationforthestudyn SECTIONBINTERVIEW InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthe questionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyourcolouredanswersheet. Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven10 secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions. Nowlistentotheinterview. 1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT? A.Toastmasterswasoriginallysetuptotrainspeakingskills. B.Toastmastersonlyacceptsprospectiveprofessionalspeakers. C.Toastmastersacceptsmembersfromthegeneralpublic. D.Toastmastersisanexclusiveclubforprofessionalspeakers. 2.ThefollowingarejobbenefitsbyjoiningToastmastersEXCEPT A.becomingfamiliarwithvariousmeansofcommunication. B.learninghowtodelivermessagesinanorganizedway. C.becomingawareofaudienceexpectations. D.learninghowtogetalongwithfriends. 3.Toastmasters'generalapproachtotrainingcanbesummarizedas A.practiceplusoveralltraining. B.practicepluslectures. C.practiceplusvoicetraining. D.practiceplusspeechwriting.4.ToastmastersaimstotrainpeopletobeallthefollowingEXCEPT A.publicspeakers. B.grammarteachers. C.mastersofceremonies. D.evaluators. 5.Theinterviewmainlyfocuseson A.thebackgroundinformation. B.thedescriptionoftrainingcourses. C.therequirementsofpublicspeaking. D.theoverallpersonalgrowth. SECTIONCNEWSBROADCAST InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthe questionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyourcolouredanswersheet. Questions6and7are'basedonthefoUowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbe given20secondstoanswerthequestions. Nowlistentothenews. 6.Whichofthefollowingisthemaincauseofglobalwarming? A.Fossilfuel. B.Greenhousegases. C.Increaseddryness. D.Violentstormpatterns. 7.Thenewsitemimpliesthat______inthelastreport. A.therewerefewerstudiesdone B.therewerefewerpolicyproposals C.therewaslessagreement D.therewerefewerobjectives Questions8and9arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbe given20secondstoanswerthequestions. Nowlistentothenews. 8.ThecauseoftheIndiantrainaccidentwas A.terroristsabotage. B.yettobedetermined. C.lackofcommunications. D.badweather. 9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT? A.Theaccidentoccurredonabridge. B.TheaccidentoccurredinNewDelhi. C.Therewereabout600casualties. D.Victimswererescuedimmediately. Question10isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10 secondstoanswerthequestion. Nowlistentothenews. 10.Whatisthemainmessageofthenewsitem? A.Youngpeopleshouldseekcareersadvice. B.Careersserviceneedstobeimproved. C.Businessesarenotgettingtalentedpeople. D.CareersadviceisnotofferedontheIntemet.PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30MIN) Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestions. Readthepassagesandthenmarkyouranswersonyourcolouredanswersheet. TEXTA Wehadbeenwantingtoexpandourchildren'shorizonsbytakingthemtoaplacethatwas unlikeanythingwe'dbeenexposedtoduringourtravelsinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.In thinkingaboutwhatwaspossiblefromGeneva,wherewearebased,wedecidedonatripto Istanbul,atwo-hourplaneridefromZurich. Weenvisionedthetripasapreludetomoreexoticones,perhapstoNewDelhiorBangkok laterthisyear,butthoughtour11-and13-year-oldsneededafirststepawayfrommanicured boulevardsandpristinemonuments. Whatwedidn'tforeseewasthereactionoffriends,whowarnedthatwewereputtingour children"indanger,"referringvaguely,andmostincorrectly,todisease,terrorismorjustthe unknown.TohelpusgetacquaintedwiththepeculiaritiesofIstanbulandtogiveourchildrena chancetochoosewhattheywereparticularlyinterestedinseeing,weboughtanexcellent guidebookandreaditthoroughlybeforeleaving. Friendlywarningsdidn'tchangeourplanning,althoughwemighthavemoreprudently checkedwiththeU.S.StateDepartment'slistoftroublespots.Wedidn'tseealotofchildren amongtheforeignvisitorsduringoursix-daystayinIstanbul,butwefoundthetouristareas quitesafe,veryinterestingandvariedenougheventosuitourson,whoseoft-repeatedrequestis thatwenotsee"everysingle"churchandmuseuminagivencity. Vaccinationsweren'tneededforthecity,butwewereconcemedaboutadaptingtothe waterforashortstay.Soweusedbottledwaterfordrinkingandbrushingourteeth,aprecaution thatmayseemexcessive,butweallstayedhealthy. Takingtheadviceofafriend,webookedahotela20-minutewalkfrommostofIstanbul's majortouristsites.Thisnotonlygotussomemorningexercise,strollingovertheKarakoy Bridge,buttookuspastacolorfulassortmentoffishermen,vendorsandshoeshiners. Fromateenagerandpre-teen'sview,Istanbulstreetlifeisfascinatingsincealmost everythingcanbeboughtoutdoors.Theywereatagoodagetospendtimewanderingthe labyrinthoftheSpiceBazaar,whereshopsdisplaymoundsofpungentherbsinsacks.Doingthis withyoungerchildrenwouldbehardersimplybecausethestreetsaresopackedwithpeople;it wouldbeeasytogetlost. Forourtwo,whosebuyingexperienceconsistedofdepartmentstoresandshoppingmall boutiques,itwasamazingtodiscoverthatyoucouldbargainoverpriceandperhapsendupwith twoofsomethingforthepriceofone.Theyalsolearnedtofigureouttherelativevalueofthe Turkishlira,notasmallmatterwithitsmanyzeros. BeingexposedtoIslamwasanimportantpartofourtrip.Visitingthemosques,especially theenormousBlueMosque,wasourfirstglimpseintohowthismajorreligionispracticed.Our children'scuriosityalreadyhadbeenpiquedbythefivedailycallstoprayeroverloudspeakers ineverycornerofthecity,andthescarvescoveringtheheadsofmanywomen. Navigatingmealscanbetroublesomewithchildren,butakebab,boughtonthestreetorin restaurants,wasunfailinglypopular.Sincewehaddecidedthistripwasnotforgourmets,kebabs sparedustheagonyoftryingtofindarestauranteachdaythatwouldsuittheadults'desiretotry somethingnewamidchildren'sinsistencethatthefoodbeservedimmediately.Gradually,we branchedouttotrysomeotherTurkishspecialties. AlthoughoursonhadstudiedIslambriefly,itisimpossibletobepreparedforevery awkwardquestionthatmightcomeup,suchasduringourvisitstotheTopkapiSarayi,the OttomanSultans'palace.Noguideswereavailablesoitwasdo-it-yourself,usingourguidebook, whichcheatedusofalotofinterestinghistoryandanecdotesthataprofessionalguidecould provide.Nexttime,weresolvedtomakesucharrangementsinadvance. Onthistrip,wewanderedthroughthemagnificentcomplex,withitsimperialtreasures,its courtyardsanditsharem.Thelastrequiredabitofexplanationthatwewouldhavehappilylef~ toalearnedthirdparty. 11.ThecouplechoseIstanbulastheirholidaydestinationmainlybecause A.thecityisnottoofarawayfromwheretheylived. B.thecityisnotonthelistoftheU.S.StateDepartment. C.thecityisbetweenthefamiliarandtheexotic. D.thecityismorefamiliarthanexotic. 12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT? A.Thefamilyfoundthecitywasexactlywhattheyhadexpected. B.Theirfriendswereopposedtotheirholidayplan. C.Theycouldhavebeenmorecautiousaboutbringingkidsalong. D.Theywereabitcautiousaboutthequalityofwaterinthecity. 13.Welearnfromthecouple'sshoppingexperiencebackhomethat A.theywereusedtobargainingoverprice. B.theypreferredtobuythingsoutdoors. C.streetmarketsweretheirfavourite. D.theypreferredfashionandbrandnames.14.ThelasttwoparagraphssuggestthattovisitplacesofinterestinIstanbul A.guidebooksareveryuseful. B.aprofessionalguideisamust. C.onehastobepreparedforquestions. D.onehastomakearrangementsinadvance. 15.ThefamilyhaveseenorvisitedallthefollowinginIstanbulEXCEPT A.religiousprayers. B.historicalbuildings. C.local-stylemarkets. D.shoppingmallboutiques. TEXTB Lastmonththefirstbaby-boomersturned60.Thebulkygenerationbornbetween1946and 1964isheadingtowardsretirement.Thelooming"demographiccliff"willseevastnumbersof skilledworkersdispatchedfromthelabourforce. Theworkforceisageingacrosstherichworld.WithintheEUthenumberofworkersaged between50and64willincreaseby25%overthenexttwodecades,whilethoseaged20-29will decreaseby20%.InJapanalmost20%ofthepopulationisalreadyover65,thehighestsharein theworld.AndintheUnitedStatesthenumberofworkersaged55-64willhaveincreasedby morethanhalfinthisdecade,atthesametimeasthe35-to44-year-oldsdeclineby10%. Giventhatmostsocietiesaregearedtoretirementataround65,companieshavealooming problemofknowledgemanagement,ofmakingsurethattheboomersdonotleavebeforethey havehandedovertheirexpertisealongwiththeofficekeysandtheire-mailaddress.Asurveyof human-resourcesdirectorsbyIBMlastyearconcluded:"Whenthebaby-boomergeneration retires,manycompanieswillfindouttoolatethatacareer'sworthofexperiencehaswalkedout thedoor,leavinginsufficienttalenttofillinthevoid." Somealsofaceashortageofexpertise.Inaerospaceanddefence,forexample,asmuchas 40%oftheworkforceinsomecompanieswillbeeligibletoretirewithinthenextfiveyears.At thesametime,thenumberofengineeringgraduatesindevelopedcountriesisinsteepdecline. Afewcompaniesaresosqueezedthattheyarealreadytakingexceptionalmeasures.Earlier thisyeartheLosAngelesTimesinterviewedanenterprisingAustralianwhowasstayingin BeverlyHillswhilehetriedtopersuadelocalstoemigratetoToowoomba,Queensland,towork forhisengineeringcompanythere.Toowoombatoday;therestofthedevelopedworld tomorrow?Ifyoulookhardenough,youcanfindcompaniesthathavebeguntoadapttheworkplaceto olderworkers.TheAARP,anAmericanassociationfortheover-50s,producesanannuallistof thebestemployersofitsmembers.Health-carefirmsinvariablycomenearthetopbecausethey areoneoftheindustriesmostinneedofskilledlabour.Othersectorssimilarlyaffected,saysthe ConferenceBoard,includeoil,gas,energyandgovernment. NearthetopoftheAARP'slatestlistcomesDeere&Company,ano-nonsense industrial-equipmentmanufacturerbasedinIllinois;about35%ofDeere's46,000employeesare over50andanumberofthemareintheir70s.Thetoolsitusestoachievethat-flexible working,telecommuting,andsoforth-alsocoincidentaUyhelpolderworkerstoextendtheir workinglives.Thecompanyspends"alotoftime"ontheergonomicsofitsfactories,making jobstherelesstiring,whichenablesolderworkerstostayatthemforlonger. Likewise,formorethanadecade,Toyota,arguablytheworld'smostadvanced manufacturer,hasadapteditsworkstationstoolderworkers.Theshortageofskilledlabour availabletotheautomotiveindustryhasmadeitunusuallykeentorecruitolderworkers.BMW recentlysetupafactoryinLeipzigthatexpresslysetouttoemploypeopleovertheageof45. Needsmustwhenthedevildrives. Otherfirmsarepolishingtheiralumninetworks.IBMusesitsnetworktorecruitretired peopleforparticularprojects.Ernst&Young,aprofessional-servicesfirm,hasabout30,000 registeredalumni,andabout25%ofits"experienced"newrecruitsareformeremployeeswho returnafteranabsence. Butsuchexamplesareunusual.AsurveyinAmericalastmonthbyErnst&Youngfound that"althoughcorporateAmericaforeseesasignificantworkforceshortageasboomersretire,it isnotdealingwiththeissue."Almostthree-quartersofthe1,400globalcompaniesquestioned byDeloittelastyearsaidtheyexpectedashortageofsalariedstaffoverthenextthreetofive years.Yetfewofthemarelookingtoolderworkerstofillthatshortage;andevenfewerare lookingtothemtofillanothergapthathasalreadyappeared.ManyfirmsinEuropeandAmerica complainthattheystruggletofindqualifieddirectorsfortheirboards-thiswhenthepoolof retiredtalentfromthoseverysamefirmsisgrowingbyleapsandbounds.听力部分 SectionA SectionB 1-5CBAAA6-10BBAAA 11-15CACDA16-20DCBBB， 21-25BDDBD26-30CCDDD 09专八人文知识参考答案 31、(D)themonarchoftheUnitedKingdom 32、(B)Edinburgh. 33、(A)ThomasJefferson. 34、(C)Sydney 35、(D)PercyB.Shelley 36、(B)WaltWhitman. 37、(C)D.H.Lawrence. 38、(D)psycholinguistics. 39、(C)pidgin. 40、(A)anillocutionaryact.翻译(汉译英参考答案) Cellphonehasalteredhumanrelations.Thereisusuallyanoteonthedoorofconferenceroom,whichreads"closeyourhandset|."However,theringsarestillresoundingintheroom.Weareallcommonpeopleandhasfewurgenciestodo.Still,wearereluctanttoturnoffthephone.Cellphonesymbolizesourconnectionwiththeworldandreflectsour"thirstforsocialization."Wearefamiliarwiththescenewhenapersonstopshisstepstoeditshortmessageswitheyesgluedathisphone,disregardofhislocation,whetherinroadcenterorbesiderestroom. (原文) 手机改变了人与人之间的关系。通常有注意到的门上的会议室，内容“关闭手机|。”然而，环仍然响亮的房间。我们都是普通百姓，并做一些紧迫问题。但是，我们也不愿意关闭手机。手机象征着我们与世界和反映了我们“渴望社会。”我们熟悉的场景时，一个人停止他的步骤来编辑短信眼睛盯着他的电话，不顾他的位置，无论是在道路中心或旁边的洗手间。 翻译(英译汉参考答案) 我们人类，正面临全球性的危机，我们的生存和文明受到威胁。尽管我们聚在一起共商对策，而灾难却在扩大，形式不容乐观。但也有令人欣喜的消息：如果行动大胆果断，反应迅速，我们有能力解决这场危机，避免其向最坏的方向发展。 但是，时下世界上的许多国家领导人可以用当年温斯顿·丘吉尔批评欧洲诸政要忽视阿道夫·希特勒的名言来形容，“它们在奇怪的悖论中前行，仅仅为一个决定而犹豫不决，有了决心却拖泥带水，信心犹疑不定，见解随波逐流，掌权者虚弱无力。” 而如今我们向这个星球脆弱的大气层倾倒超过七千万吨温室气体，把其当作天然排污口。明天我们还会变本加厉，堆积的温室气体吸纳了越来越多的太阳热度。 (原文) We,thehumanspecies,areconfrontingaplanetaryemergency–athreattothesurvivalofourcivilizationthatisgatheringominousanddestructivepotentialevenaswegatherhere.Butthereishopefulnewsaswell:wehavetheabilitytosolvethiscrisisandavoidtheworst–thoughnotall–ofitsconsequences,ifweactboldly,decisivelyandquickly. However,despiteagrowingnumberofhonorableexceptions,toomanyoftheworld'sleadersarestillbestdescribedinthewordsWinstonChurchillappliedtothosewhoignoredAdolfHitler'sthreat:"Theygooninstrangeparadox,decidedonlytobeundecided,resolvedtobeirresolute,adamantfordrift,solidforfluidity,allpowerfultobeimpotent." Sotoday,wedumpedanother70milliontonsofglobal-warmingpollutionintothethinshellofatmospheresurroundingourplanet,asifitwereanopensewer.Andtomorrow,wewilldumpaslightlylargeramount,withthecumulativeconcentrationsnowtrappingmoreandmoreheatfromthesun. 改错 1.the改a2.passd改based3.their改his4.it去掉5.therefore改however6.the去掉7.答案不详8.答案不祥9.live改alive10.to去掉，以上内容由（真题网www.zhenti8.com）提供。 作文 China'sStateAdministrationofRadioFilmandTelevision(SARFT)recentlyissuedanoticebanningdomesticradioandTVstationsfromtranslatingforeignradioandTVprogrammesintoanylocaldialect.ThenoticesaidthatsuchdialecttranslationcontradictsthenationalinitiativetopromotePutonghua,orMandarin,aroundthecountry.Foreignprogrammesthathavebeentranslatedintodialectsmustberemovedfromtelevisionandradioimmediately.Thenoticeevokedamixedresponsefromexpertsandaudioandvideoproducers,aswellasthegeneralpublic.Manyvoicedtheirconcernsthatlocaldialectswouldbeforniddeninpublicplaces.Mandarian,whichmeans"commonlanguage",isthecountry'spredominantlanguageandiswidelyusedbymorethan70percentofthepopulation.However,localdialectsstillenjoypupularityforrelativelyless-educatedpeopleinsomeoccasions.Thedialectsdomakeuniqueroleandshouldbetoleratedforexistenceinpublicplaces. Thoughpromotedwidelyinpublicplaces,dialectsareacceptableinpublicplaces.First,itismorethanameretoolforcommunication.Itis,mostimportantly,themessengerofitsrespectiveculture.Ifthedialectwaseliminatedfromdailyuse,theculturewillbebroken.Second,Mandariancanabsorbtheelitpartoflocaldialecttoenrichitsvovabularyandusuge.ThisistheperfectionofMandartianfromthousandsofyearsblendandcontact.Thedialectscanalsobepopularinthepublic.AlongwiththefamousshortplaybycomicactorsinNEChina,thelocaldialectcameintothesplotlight,andenjoyedmorepupulatitythroughoutChina.Suchaculturalphenomenonrepresentstheaudienceanattitudetolocaldialectswhichcatertothetasteofthemajority.Third,dialectistheonlymeanofcommunicationtosomeundereducatedlocalpeople.Iflocaldialectsarefobbideninthepublicplaces,theycannotcommunicate. Tosumup,localdialectsshouldbetoleratedinpublicplacesforitsuniquerolewhichMandariancannotsubstitute.Weshouldguarteeitssurvivalbecausedialectsstandforourspiritualland.Fromalong-termperspective,dialectsshouldnotandwouldnotbewipedout.Thereisnoneedforanypurposefulanddeliberateattempttoprotectdialects.Justlet dialectstaketheirnaturalcourse.Thebestwaytoprotectadialectistouseitindailylifeandpassitdownfromgenerationtogeneration.
