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1、NorseMythologyByMaJunjieGeographicalLocationFinlandSwedenIcelandNorwayDenmarkHistoryOralPreservation:the1stto2ndcenturyWrittenRecords:NibelungenliedPoeticEdda&ProseEddaSagaStartingLifeMythologyNiflheimGinnungagapMuspelheimInNilfheimthereisaplacecalledHvergelmir,thatallcoldriverscomefromher
2、e,Hvergelmirwastheoriginofallexistenceandtheplacewhereeverylivingwillgoback.Ymir(Theprogenitorofgiants)HisfootbredasonAmanandawomanemergedfromhisarmpitsHesweatedoutSurtrThecowAudhumblalickedonasaltstonethenanentiremanBúriemergedfromthestoneWithanunknowngiantfemalehefatheredBorr(Bor),Borrma
3、rriedBestla(thegrandchildrenofYmir),fatheredOdin,ViliandVeWhenthewarmairofMuspelheimhitthecoldiceofNiflheim,theFrostGiantsYmirandtheicycowAudhumlawerecreatedTheCreationoftheWorldOdin,ViliandVekilledYmirDraggedthedeadbodyofYmitowardsthecenterofGinnungagapblood——oceansandwaterflesh——landbone
4、s——mountainsteeth——rockshair——grassandtreeseyelashes——Midgardbrain——cloudsskull——skylid——coveredthenewworldThebrothersthrewthesparksfromMuspelheiminsideoftheskullThesesparksgleamedatnightandwaswhatwecallthestarsFairyhoodWormscrawlingoutoftheremainsbecamefairyhoodDwarves：livedundertherocks,
5、incavesandunderground,expertsincraftsmanshiptheDarkElves：hatedthesun,hideous,turnintostoneswhenexposeinthelighttheLightElves：beautifulcreatures,minorgodsofnature,deliveredaninspirationtoartormusicTherefourdwarfswerenamed“North”“West”“South”“East”andwheresendoutineachdirection.TheCreationof
6、humanbeingTheAshtree——man(Ask)TheElmtree——woman(Embla)OdingavethelogsspiritandlifeVegavethemmovement,mindandintelligenceViligavethemshape,speech,feelingsandthefivesensesTheWordAsgard:HomeoftheGodsAlfheim:HomeoftheLightElves(rightnexttoAsgard)Midgard:HomeoftheHumansJotunheim:HomeoftheGiants
7、Nidavellir:HomeoftheDwarvesSvartalfheim:HomeoftheDarkElvesBifrostYggdrasilVanaheim:HomeoftheVanir(Nobodyknowswheretheland)CharacteristicValhallaIdun’goldapplesOdinGotterdammerung(thetwilightofthegods)Baldur,thesonofOdin,thegodoflightwaskilledSeverewinterlastfo
