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1、MusicPerformingartsMajorformsDance ·Music ·Opera ·TheatreMinorformsCircusArtsGenresDrama ·Tragedy ·Comedy ·Tragicomedy ·Romance ·Satire ·Epic ·LyricMusicisanartformwhosemediumissoundorganizedintime.Commonelementsofmusicarepitch(whichgovernsmelodyandharmony),rhythm(anditsassociatedconc
2、eptstempo,meter,andarticulation),dynamics,andthesonicqualitiesoftimbreandtexture.ThewordderivesfromGreekμουσική(mousike),"(art)oftheMuses".[1]Thecreation,performance,significance,andeventhedefinitionofmusicvaryaccordingtocultureandsocialcontext.Musicrangesfromstrictlyorganizedcomposit
3、ions(andtheirrecreationinperformance),throughimprovisationalmusictoaleatoricforms.Musiccanbedividedintogenresandsubgenres,althoughthedividinglinesandrelationshipsbetweenmusicgenresareoftensubtle,sometimesopentoindividualinterpretation,andoccasionallycontroversial.Within"thearts",music
4、maybeclassifiedasaperformingart,afineart,andauditoryart.Topeopleinmanycultures,musicisinextricablyintertwinedintotheirwayoflife.GreekphilosophersandancientIndiansdefinedmusicastonesorderedhorizontallyasmelodiesandverticallyasharmonies.Commonsayingssuchas"theharmonyofthespheres"and"iti
5、smusictomyears"pointtothenotionthatmusicisoftenorderedandpleasanttolistento.However,20th-centurycomposerJohnCagethoughtthatanysoundcanbemusic,saying,forexample,"Thereisnonoise,onlysound."[2]AccordingtomusicologistJean-JacquesNattiez,"theborderbetweenmusicandnoiseisalwaysculturallydefi
6、ned—whichimpliesthat,evenwithinasinglesociety,thisborderdoesnotalwayspassthroughthesameplace;inshort,thereisrarelyaconsensus.…Byallaccountsthereisnosingleandinterculturaluniversalconceptdefiningwhatmusicmightbe,exceptthatitis'soundthroughtime'."[3]HistoryPrehistoricerasandantiquityThe
7、developmentofmusicamonghumansmusthavetakenplaceagainstthebackdropofnaturalsoundssuchasbirdsongandthesoundsotheranimalsusetocommunicate.[citationneeded]Prehistoricmusicisthenamewhichisgiventoallmusicproducedinpreliteratecultures.[citationneeded][4]Ancientmusiccanonlybeimaginedbyscholar
8、s,bas
