[资料]材料成型专业英语

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1、Lesson1Positionofmetalforminginmodernindustry金属成形在现代工业中的地位Metalformingisoneofthefundamentalmanufacturingprocess.Itplaysanimportantpartinmetallurgymachinebuilding机械制造，power41Jj,autobile汽车，railroad,aerospace航空，ship-building,weapon,chemical化工，electronics电了，instrument

2、andmetermaking仪器和仪表制造andlightindustries轻工业.金属成形是材料的塑性加工过程。在金属成形工艺屮，最初的简单零件，坏料或板料通过在模具Z间变形而获得所需零件的最终形状。山于模具具有所需零件的儿何形状，通过模具内表面对变形材料施压，简单形状的零件就会变成复杂形状的零件。金属成形很少产生废料其至不产牛废料，并且往往在很短时间内（即压力机或锻锤的i次或儿次行程中）形成产品形状。因此，金属成形可节能省材。特别是在大中批量生产时，模具成本容易收回。另外，对于给定重量的零件，用金属成形加工比用铸造和

3、切削加工生产具有更好的力学性能、冶金性能和可靠性。Atpresent,netshapemanufacturing净形制造ondnearnetshapemsnufacturing近净形制造havebecomethefocusofstudies研究的焦点pursed追逐bythemetalformingcircle领域.Researchinstitutions研究学会，研究机构concentmtingonthestudyofnetshapemanufacturing净形制造havebeenestablished建立andeno

4、rmous巨:大fundsandminds财力与智力invested.Netshapenidnufocturingisvigorouslydevelopingthroughouttheworld.Bytheapplicationofcoldextrusion冷挤压，coldheading冷徹，precisiondieforging^密模锻，specialrolling特殊滚压，fineblanking精冲，spinning旋压,multi—ramforging多向模锻，multi—positionpressing多工位压制

5、，high-speedpressingwithprogressivedies级进模高速冲压，powderforging粉末锻压，superplaSticforming超塑性成形andlaserprocessing激光加工,finishedpartscanbeproducedwithhighaccuracy高精确度,lowsurfacecrudeness粗糙度•Thedayshavea1readygonewhen（定语从彳U）metalformingwasconsidered认为asaprocessbywhichonly认为

6、asaprocessbywhichonlysemifinishedproductscouldbemade（从句）.Itispredicted预测by…that（从句）bytheyear2000metalformingcombinedwiththeyear2000metalformingcombinedwithgrindingtechnology（定语）磨削工艺willreplacemostofmetalcutting.Lesson2ClassificationofMetalFormingProcessesNearlyall

7、mentaiformingprocessesinvolvetheworkpiecebeingsubjectedtocomplexstressstates（处于复杂应力状态下）whichcanvaryfrom,saytriaxialcompression（三向压应力）tobiaxialtension（两向拉应力）•However,shearstresses（剪切应力）neednotbeconsideredunlesstheyconstitute（构成）majorstressestowhichtheworkpieceissub

8、jectedandarethusinfluentialincontributingtoplasticdeformation.Mostofthecomplexstressstatescanbeapproximated（近似）bytheirprincipalstresscomponents（主应力），tha