陈水广表面张力实验报告

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1、表面张力实验报告姓名：陈水广学号：123580131.丁醇室温下丁醇的密度P=810.9g/L,摩尔质量M二74.12g/mol。V为加入丁醇的体积，V水表示加入纯水的体积。则溶液的浓度为：C=pV/（M（V+V水）），在此实验中，V水"ml则可得以下表格：V(丁醇)(ul)C(丁醇)(mol/l)InCY(mN/m)T(°C)Y/T(mN/(k*m))0071.428.10.237130.50.00547-5.2089470.1327.70.2332210.01093-4.516367.9727.90.225891.50

2、.01639-4.1113366.2927.90.2203120.02184-3.8241564.56280.214492.50.02728-3.601562.9628.10.209130.03272-3.4196860.922&20.202263.50.03816-3.2660359.5928.30.1977840.04359-3.132995&2628.40.19334.50.04901-3.0157157.1828.40.1897150.05443-2.9108556.1928.70.18624100.10832-2

3、.2226651.1428.70.16951150.16168-1.8221347.5828.80.15765200.21452-1.5393744.5290.14735250.26684-1.3211142.622&90.14117300.31865-1.1436641.0428.90.13594350.36996-0.9943539.63290.13123400.42078-0.8656438.3929.20.12704450.47112-0.7526537.1429.40.12282500.52097-0.65206

4、36.0529.80.11906550.57035-0.561534.79300.11482600.61927-0.4792233.95300.11205650.66772-0.4038833.0430.10.10901700.71572-0.3344632.330.20.10653750.76328-0.2701331.6530.30.10435800.8104-0.2102331.3730.10.1035850.85708-0.1542230.7230.70.10115900.90333-0.1016630.2430.

5、60.0996950.94916-0.0521730.1331.20.099051000.99458-0.0054429.8131.10.0980360->50-■40-30-i■I■I0.00.20.40.60.8i1.0C丁醇(mol/1)由图可知，当表面活性剂丁醇的浓度比较小吋，表面张力随着表面活性剂丁醇的浓度的增加而迅速下降。当表面活性剂丁醇的浓度达到0.90mol/l时，表面张力呈平缓下降趋势。即丁醇的CMC约为0.95mol/l.由公式：Y-Yo=^TVmaxlnc0-RTVmaxlnc从公式可以得到温度也对表

6、面张力有影响，为了从线性拟合求得『max,可以用V/T对InC作曲线拟合。则图像为：((書)311-1"Equationy二a+b*xWeightNoWeightingResidualSumofSquares5.69184E-4Adj.R-Square0.99001ValueStandardError-V/TIntercept0.099980.00129SlopeI-0.02894I5.49397E-4

7、则拟合的斜率K=-0.02894由K=-10A3*R*rmax,可得最大表面过饱和度rmax=3.48xlOA(-6)m

8、ol/mA2由上而可知，丁醇的CMC约为0.90mol/l,则相对应所加的丁醇的体积V(CMC)为90ul,则可计算物质的量n=9.85xlOA(-4)mol由公式：h=V(CMC)*rmax/n,h为界面吸收的表面活性剂层的厚度。口J求得界面吸收的表面活性剂丁醇层的厚度:h=3.18xl0A(-10)m在气相液相交界面每个丁醇分了所占面积AO=l/(NA*rmax),NA为阿伏伽德罗常数则A0=4.77xlOA(-19)mA22.己醇室温下己醇的密度P=819.3g/L,相对分子质量M二102.18g/mol溶液的浓度为

9、：C=PV/(M(V+V水))V为加入的己醇体积，V水=lmlo则可得的表格如下：V(己醇)(ul)C(己醇)(mol/l)InCY(mN/m)T(°C)Y/T(mN/(k*m))0071.65280.238040.250.002-6.2125946.4330.60.152930.50.00401-5.