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1、倒装(Inversion)在英语屮,主语和谓语的正常语序通常是主语在前,谓语在后。但有时谓语的全部或一部分却提到了主语的前而,这种语序叫“倒製”。•(如眾谓语邵令舍邵握到丰谱於前回,.冲舍倒装,.如釆谡语旳二邵分,.即昂初诃、.助劭诃取幘杏劭诃琨到丰谬顾,.呼半倒響取那令倒装?).倒製的原因i是语法结构的需要,一•是为了强调。英语中常见的半倒装有:1、在疑问句中①在一般疑问句中(除主系表结构,因主系表句型都是全倒装,如:Areyoufree?)Haveyouseenhimrecently?②在特殊疑问句中
2、Whydidhecry?Howcanwegrowriceinareaswherethereislittlewater?【扩展】若在特殊疑问句中,特殊疑问词在句中作主语或修饰主语口寸用正常语序,如I:Whoisondutytoday?(who在句中作主语)Whichdictionaryisyours?(which在句中修饰主语)2、onIy只有当放于句首且后跟副词/介词短语/从句时OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.Onlybychangingthewaycanwesuccee
3、d.OnlywhenhetoldmedidIknowwhathethought.【扩展】当only放于句首,修饰主语吋,不用倒装OnlyM匚Wangknowsit.3、当句首有no,not或其构成的短语或含有否定意义的副词never,not,或连词放于句首,如:hardly/scarcely(几乎不),notonly,little,seldom/rarely(罕见地,很少地),nowhere,bynomeans/innocase(决不),innotime(很快)等时Notuntilweknowmorewi
4、llwebeabletoimprovethesituation.NeverhaveIrealizedthatwaterissoprecious.Notasingleworddidhewriteintheclass.(他没有在课堂上写过一个字)Bynomeans/InnocasewillIchangemymind.Innotimeshouldwestarttheproject.LittledidIknowatthetimeNolongerdidheliveinBeijingNotoncedidhetalkt
5、ome.C[也一次也没和我说)SeldominallmylifehaveImetsuchadeterminedperson.Hardly/ScarcelycanIbelievethatthing.4、nosooner・・・.than,hardly•••.when***.,只倒装前面的句子。notonIy•••.butaIso…放于句首,Notonlydoesthesungiveuslightbutalsoitgivesusheat.Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenhewasaskedtolea
6、veagaino=Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewasaskedtoleaveagain.5、把副词so放在句首,表示前面所说的肯定内容也适用于另一个人(或物)。其句型是so+be/have/助动词或情态动词+主语。(用于肯定句)如:Heisateache匚SoamI.HecanspeakRussianverywell.Socanshe・WewenttoseethefilmlastSunday.Sodidthey.6、把neither,nor放在句首,表示前面所说的否定的内容也适用于
7、另一个人(或物)。(用于晋定旬儿其句型是neither/nor+be/have/助动词或情态动词+主语。如:Ihaveneverbeenabroad.Neither/Norhashe.Ididntreadthenoticeontheblackboard,Neither/Nordidhe.7、如果含有虚拟语气的条件从句中包含有were,had,should,可把if省略掉,再将从句中的were,had,should放在主语前面,主句不进行任何变化。Iftheyhadtime,theywouldcertain
8、lycomeandhelpus.—Hadtheytime,theywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus.(全倒装)IfIwereyou,Iwoulddotheworkbetter.—WereIyou,Iwoulddotheworkbetter.(全倒装)Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?(半倒装)8、