《分子生物学》试卷一参考答案

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1、南华大学生命科学与技术学院《分子生物学》试卷一参考答案FinalexamofMolecularBiologyCourse写在参考答案前面的话：该课程考试目的是考查学生对所学知识掌握的情况，除选择题外，其他题目的答案基本都不是唯一的。你可以从不同的角度去阐明一个概念。PARTI:DESCRIPTION(2pointseach)Youranswershoulddescribewhateachitemisandhowitfunctionsinthecell.Diagrams,structureandsequenceinformationshouldbeinclud

2、edinyouranswer,asnecessary.1.Yeastartificialchromosome:①酵母人工染色体（0.5point）②containscomponentsrequiredforreplicationandsegregationofthenaturalyeastchromosome,includingtwotelomericsequences(TEL),onecentromere(CEN)andoneautonomouslyreplicatingsequences(ARS)(0.75point)③containsgenesacta

3、sselectivemarkersinyeastandproperrestrictionsites(0.75point)④canaccommodategenomicDNAfragmentsofmorethan1Mb(0.5point)2.RNAinterference:①RNA干扰（0.5point）②aconservedbiologicalresponsetodouble-strandedRNA(1point)③regulatestheexpressionofprotein-codinggenesthroughsiRNAormiRNA(1point)④th

4、edsRNAisrestrictedbyDICER,thenRISCmediatesthesiRNAandmiRNArelatedRNAdegradationandtranslationinhibition,respectively.(1point)3.Proteomics①蛋白组学（0.5point）②Thestudyoftheproteomeusingtechniquesofhighresolutionproteinseparationandidentification(1.5point)③Apowerfulwaytostudygeneexpressio

5、nandfunction(0.5point)④Thebestseparationmethodistwodimensionalgelelectrophoresis,theindividualproteinspotsarethencutfromthegelandtreatedwithproteasetoproduceasetofpeptidescharacteristicofthatprotein.TheprecisemassesofeachpeptideinthesamplearethendeterminedbyMALDImassspectrometry.Th

6、eresultedpeptidemassfingerprintofthatproteinisthencomparedtoadatabasetodeducethefunctionofthatproteinetc.(1.5point)4.Shine-Dalgarnosequence①SD序列（0.5point）②Aconservedsequence8-13ntupstreamofthefirstcodontobetranslated(1point).③ThissequencewasdiscoveredbyShineandDalgarno(0.5point)④Th

7、esequenceispurine-richandcontainsallorpartof5’-AGGAGGU-3’(0.5point)⑤Canbase-pairwiththe3’-endofthe16SrRNA(0.5point)5.Alternativesplicing①可变剪接（0.5point）②ThegenerationofdifferentmaturemRNAsfromaparticulartypeofgenetranscriptbychoosingdifferent5’-and3’-splicesites(2point).2.Ribozyme①核

8、酶（0.5point）②anRNAmoleculec